OBJECTIVES The objective of this monograph is to familiarize the reader with dynamic hydrodistention classification of the ureter and Hydrodistention Implantation Technique (HIT) methodology for the endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The indications, current success rates, complications, and potential future applications of these methods are reviewed. METHODS Hydrodistentio...

OBJECTIVES To review the use of robotic surgery in pediatric urology and provide a platform from which discussions regarding this technology can arise. METHODS The available literature and the experience at the author's institution were reviewed to examine the applications of robotic surgery in pediatric urology. MEDLINE was queried using the following key words: robot, robotic, laparoscopy, ...