INTRODUCTION We report the incidence, distribution, etiology, and outcome of the urogenital trauma in 8 major cities of Iran according to the database of national trauma project. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 2000 and 2004, we prospectively collected the data of all the traumatic patients hospitalized for more than 24 hours in 8 cities (Tehran, Mashad, Ahwaz, Shiraz, Tabriz, Qom, Kermanshah, ...

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare condition. It is idiopathic or secondary to various diseases including autoimmune diseases and atherosclerosis [1]. Although its pathogenesis is unknown, it is now considered that immune responses may play an important role in this disease [1]. Retroperitoneal fibrosis is also seen in metastatic carcinomas from many organs as a desmoplastic reaction [1]. Howev...

OBJECTIVES To compare the effects of daily ingestion of dietary soy supplementation, low-dose hormone therapy (HT) and placebo on psychological, somatic and urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal women. STUDY DESIGN A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Sixty healthy, symptomatic, postmenopausal women of 40-60 years of age were allocated to use dietary soy supplementation (containing 9...

Abstract Menopausal transition (premenopause) is the phase in ageing process of women representing from reproductive stage life to non-reproductive stage. With improvements average expectancy, live an increased proportion their lives postmenopause. The consequences oestrogen loss are early symptoms (psychological and vasomotor), genitourinary syndrome (intermediate), as well postmenopausal oste...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To review the symptoms of urogenital atrophy in breast cancer survivors, influencing factors, and their effects on performance. DATA SOURCES Review of qualitative and quantitative research data that describe pain, function, satisfaction, and quality of life related to urologic, genital, and sexual function. DATA SYNTHESIS Breast cancer treatment can induce or exacerbate s...