BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although mycorrhizal associations are predominantly generalist, specialized mycorrhizal interactions have repeatedly evolved in Orchidaceae, suggesting a potential role in limiting the geographical range of orchid species. In particular, the Australian orchid flora is characterized by high mycorrhizal specialization and short-range endemism. This study investigates the mycor...

for study the genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of polymyxa betae keskin , isolated from sugar beet fields in razavi and northern khorasan provinces ,soil of 49 fields were sampled and sugar beet seeds (variety ic) were planted that .after dna extraction, a genomic region comprises of 463 bp of p.betae isolation including 18s r rna، its1 ,5.8srrna ،its2 and 28s rrna was amplified usin...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To analyze the clinical spectra, pathogenesis, treatment, outcome, and prognostic factors of fungal empyema thoracis. DESIGN The medical records of patients with positive fungal cultures from pleural effusions were retrospectively analyzed. SETTING A university-based tertiary care hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. PATIENTS AND METHODS From January 1990 through December 1997, pa...

The paucity of fungal diseases in mammals relative to insects, amphibians, and plants is puzzling. We analyzed the thermal tolerance of 4802 fungal strains from 144 genera and found that most cannot grow at mammalian temperatures. Fungi from insects and mammals had greater thermal tolerances than did isolates from soils and plants. Every 1 degrees C increase in the 30 degrees C-40 degrees C ran...

A multiplex PCR method was developed to identify simultaneously multiple fungal pathogens in a single reaction. Five sets of species-specific primers were designed from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, ITS1 and ITS2, of the rRNA gene to identify Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Another set of previously publis...

backgrounds candida vaginitis is a common fungal infection among adult women and it has been estimated that 75% of all adult women experience at least one period of vulvovaginal candidiasis in their lifetime. several predisposing factors, such as diabetes mellitus,using contraceptive, pregnancy, and broad-spectrum antibiotics are reported as main risk factors for the infection. while, the main ...

This study was conducted to improve the pentachlorophenol (PCP) bioremediation ability of white-rot fungi in highly contaminated field soils by manipulating bioaugmentation variables. These were the dry weight percentage of fungal inoculum addition (31-175 g kg(-1)), PCP concentration (100-2137 mg kg(-1) PCP), fungal inoculum formulation, and time (1-7 wk). Five fungal isolates were used: the N...

Different species of Trichoderma especially T. harzianum (Th2 biotype in Europe and Th4 in America) considered as causal agent of green mould disease on button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) casing beds. In this study, 100 fungal isolates were collected and purified from different mushroom growing units in Tehran province and Urmia (NW Iran). Totally, 60 isolates of T. harzianum, 27 isolates of T...

Response of six chili varieties to anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporiodes. Chili is one the horticultural commodities with high economic value. production constrained diseases. Losses due can reduce fruits quality yields lose. This study aims determine resistance several anthracnose. Genetic material was used chili. Ripe chilies were inoculated two types iso...

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most economically important and destructive fungal diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Golestan province, one of the most important zones of wheat cultivation in Iran, is also known for its high rate of digestive tract cancer, which has been attributed to many biotic factors such as fungal toxins. In order to investigate the distribution of toxicog...