The purpose of this systematic review was to examine weather addon therapy with vaginal estrogen exerts any benefits or side effects on urgency urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women. As part of a national guideline we aimed to systematically assess the existing literature on vaginal estrogen used in combination with Anti-muscarinic medicine in postmenopausal women with urgency urinary in...

BACKGROUND Aromatase inhibitors (AI) are increasingly used in early breast cancer and there is a growing interest in associated long-term side-effects of profound estrogen suppression. Urogenital side-effects due to atrophic vaginitis are often managed with vaginal estrogen preparations. These are generally perceived to result in minimal systemic absorption of estrogen. We followed serum estrad...

Ospemifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), or estrogen receptor agonist/antagonist, that was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of dyspareunia associated with vulvar and vaginal atrophy, a chronic condition that affects up to 60% of postmenopausal women. Ospemifene is the first and only nonestrogen compound approved for this indication....

BACKGROUND Soy formula containing estrogenic isoflavones is widely used in the United States. Infants consuming soy formula exclusively have high isoflavone exposures. We wanted to study whether soy formula prolonged the physiologic estrogenization of newborns, but available quantitative descriptions of the natural history of breast and genital development are inadequate for study design. OBJ...

In the title compound, C12H14N3 (+)·NO3 (-), the mononitrate of protonated bis-(pyridin-2-ylmeth-yl)amine, the least-squares planes defined by the non-H atoms of the two aromatic moieties inter-sect at an angle of 7.91 (6)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯N, N-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, as well as C-H⋯O contacts, connect the entities into a three-dimensional network. The shortest centroid-centroid dist...

In the title salt, C6H14N(+)·NO3 (-), the cyclo-hexyl ring adopts a chair conformation. The ammonium group occupies an equatorial position and the crystal struture is stabilized by inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions, resulting in a three-dimensional network.

Crystals of the title salt, C(21)H(20)OP(+)·NO(3) (-), are composed of acetonyltriphenyl-phospho-nium cations and nitrate anions that mainly inter-act through electrostatic forces. The P atom in the cation has a slightly distorted tetra-hedral environment, with C-P-C angles ranging from 104.79 (7) to 112.59 (6)°. The sum of O-N-O angles of the nitrate anion is 359.99°, reflecting its trigonal-p...

BACKGROUND Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator with both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activity, is widely used as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients. Treatment with tamoxifen is associated with sexual side effects, such as increased vaginal dryness and pain/discomfort during sexual activity. There have been limited investigations of the effect of tamoxifen on estrogen-d...

The title compound, [Co(NH(3))(6)](2)Cl(5)(NO(3)), was obtained under hydro-thermal conditions. The asymmetric unit contains three Co(3+) ions, one lying on an inversion center and the other two located at 2/m positions. All Co(3+) ions are six-coordinated by NH(3) mol-ecules, forming [Co(NH(3))(6)](3+) octahedra, with Co-N distances in the range 1.945 (4)-1.967 (3) Å. The nitrate N atom and on...