Despite an expansive literature on the psychological correlates of childhood abuse, the possible relationships between specific categories of early abuse (e.g., sexual, physical, psychological) and adult sexuality have received little research attention. Those studies that have examined a relationship between childhood abuse and adult sexuality understandably have focused almost exclusively on ...

The sexual pain disorders included in different editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III-R 1987; DSM-IV-TR, 2000) are dyspareunia and vaginismus. Both these clinical entities have undergone intense scrutiny and international discussion in the more recent years (Basson et Al 2003; Binik 2005; Graziottin, 2005; Meana et Al, 1997; Pukall et Al, 2005, Reissing ...

Objective Causes such as childhood trauma, negative attitude about sexuality, inadequate sexual knowledge and education, relationship problems, and unconscious motivation are reported about psychosexual development in the etiology of genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder (GPP/PD). There are few studies that focus directly on research etiology of GPP/PD and use structured scales. The aim of th...

Since its introduction in the late 1970s for the treatment of strabismus and blepharospasm, botulinum toxin (BoNT) has been increasingly used in the interventional treatment of several other disorders characterized by excessive or inappropriate muscle contractions. The use of this pluripotential agent has extended to a plethora of conditions including: focal dystonia; spasticity; inappropriate ...