BACKGROUND Nonexperimental studies of drug effects in large automated databases can provide timely assessment of real-life drug use, but are prone to confounding by variables that are not contained in these databases and thus cannot be controlled. OBJECTIVES To describe how information on additional confounders from validation studies can help address the problem of unmeasured confounding in ...

objectives: the present research aims to prepare an iranian police job satisfaction inventory (ipjsi) by using confirmative factor analysis as well as to evaluate the validity and reliability of it. method: a group consisting of 2933 iranian police employees chosen by stratified random sampling method from a number of police departments throughout the country completed the ipjs inventories. val...