Syphilis is a chronic and systemic sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum. The prevalence of syphilis according to the World Health Organization (WHO) around 12 million cases worldwide in pregnant women 1.8 cases. screening pregnancy important break chain transmission congenital syphilis. We reported Mrs. S, 33 years old, 18 weeks pregnant, came with history itchy patches a...

The first serological test for syphilis, developed by Wassermann, Neisser, and Bruck (1906), was a complement-fixation test for reagin activity. Many tests for reagin activity have been developed since then, including the Kline, Kahn, Hinton, Kolmer, Mazzini, and VDRL slide tests. However, none of these is absolutely specific for syphilis. The VDRL slide test (Harris, Rosenberg, and Riedel, 194...

background: hiv, syphilis, hepatitis b and c (hbv & hcv) infections modify the epidemiology and presentation of each other. this study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of these infections and their co-infections in sexually transmitted infections (sti) clinic attendees in new delhi, india. methods: a retrospective study including 220 patients was conducted during may 2014 through december 2...

Methods: This observational case series includes 14 patients with clinical features of CHIKV infection and associated optic neuritis. Complete ophthalmic evaluations were performed, as well as other examinations, including Mantoux test, Widal test, blood profile, color vision, neuroimaging, visual fields, visual evoked potentials, VDRL test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for CHIKV-speci...

A 30-yr-old man was referred for suspicious rectal cancer because of ulcerated lesions in the rectum and a palpable mass in left inguinal area. Sigmoidoscopy showed two indurated masses and histologic evaluation of biopsy revealed obliterative endarteritis with heavy plasma cell infiltration. Both venereal disease research laboratories (VDRL) and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-...