Total DNA was directly extracted from microbial populations in grassland soils taken from three geographically distinct upland sites at Garrigill, Aber and Sourhope, UK. Within each site, grasslands were categorised using the National Vegetation Classification into distinct vegetation sequences, namely unimproved, semi-improved and improved. Microbial community DNA was extracted from the differ...

Ecosystem responses to climate change can exert positive or negative feedbacks on climate, mediated in part by slow-moving factors such as shifts in vegetation community composition. Long-term experimental manipulations can be used to examine such ecosystem responses, but they also present another opportunity: inferring the extent to which contemporary climate change is responsible for slow cha...

In this Appendix, we summarize some basic properties of the three classes of functional diversity measures: (1) functional Hill number ) (Q D q which quantifies the effective number of equally abundant and equally distinct species in an assemblage with a constant species pairwise distance Q, where Q denotes Rao’s quadratic entropy; (2) mean functional diversity MD(Q) = Q Q D q × )] ( [ which qu...

Vegetation restoration on slopes is generally difficult, especially in high altitude areas since the environment has dramatically changing weather conditions that are not suitable for plant growth. In this study, potential of film mulching vegetation such environments and growth nutrients artificial soil were determined. Experiments carried out Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province, to determine ...

To determine the suitable indices for vegetation cover and production assessment based on the remote sensing data, simultaneous digital data with field data belonging to the spring rangeland of the Semirom-Isfahan province were analyzed. During two years of monitoring the annual, grass, forb, and shrub vegetation cover and the total production data from 86 were collected. The Global Positioning...

because soil moisture condition affects vegetation changes hence, monitoring of drought and vegetation changes are among valuable management tools in these ecosystems. nowadays, satellite images are used as a low-cost and fast method for vegetation study in different scales. vegetation change is assessed using vegetation spectral characteristics. this study aimed to analyze and monitor the vege...

the relationship between topography, soil factors, and distribution of ecological vegetation groups in the nodoushan arid rangelands of yazd province (iran) was investigated. the present species were recorded in each vegetation group using a randomized-systematic sampling method. plant cover and density were estimated quantitatively using the transect and quadrate methods, and the two-way indic...

abstract nowadays, fuzzy technique is used to prepare the map in different sciences, extensively. with due attention to important role of soil fertility in modern agriculture, the preparation of soil fertility map seems to be necessary to plan for appropriate using of fertilizers for crops. this study was conducted to prepare a distinct map for evaluating soil fertility according to soil availa...