The online and continuous measurement of velocity, concentration and mass flow rate of pneumatically conveyed solid particles for the high-efficiency utilization of energy and raw materials has become increasingly significant. In this paper, an integrated instrumentation system for the velocity, concentration and mass flow rate measurement of dense phase pneumatically conveyed solid particles b...

Introduction: Nontriggered phase-contrast (PC)-MR has been proposed for measurement of time-averaged velocity [1]. However, gradient-echo PC-MR is biased by in-flow enhancement when typical flip angles and slice widths are used, leading to velocity overestimation [2]. We hypothesize that nontriggered PCsteady state free precession (SSFP), which exhibits less signal variation over the cardiac cy...

[1] The accuracy of HF radar measurement in the Tsushima Strait is investigated. A comparison between radial velocities measured by HF radar and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), which provides an upper bound of HF radar measurement error, shows that the root-mean-square (RMS) velocity difference obtained from the principal component analysis is 6.62 11.3 cm s . A comparison of velociti...