Chronic venous insufficiency is an often-missed diagnosis that results in a variety of clinical manifestations that may severely compromise quality of life. Prompt recognition is important to provide symptomatic relief and prevent disease progression. Most patients can be treated with a comprehensive plan of conservative measures. However, it is important for providers to recognize those patien...

Endovascular procedures for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency are now practiced in several international centers, despite polarization of opinions among clinicians. Complications from these procedures are now presenting to distant centers. This article reviews the reported complications from several of these institutions. The results of this study demonstrate that the reporting of comp...

Hemodynamic responses to volume loading with infusion of dextran-40 and myocardial stimulation with isoproterenol in 23 patients in shock from hemorrhage, trauma, or sepsis, and 10 healthy controls were studied. Responses of the control were moderate to dextran and marked to isoproterenol. Shock patients were divided into three groups according to the response of the cardiac index to dextran-40...

Acroangiodermatitis, often known as pseudo-Kaposi sarcoma, is an uncommon angioproliferative entity related to chronic venous insufficiency, arteriovenous fistulae, paralysed limbs, amputation stumps, vascular syndromes and conditions associated with thrombosis. It presents most frequently as purple macules, papules or plaques in the dorsal aspects of the feet, especially the toes, and the mall...

Bark extract of Pinus pinaster has a long history of medicinal use and is available commercially as herbal dietary supplement with proprietary name pycnogenol. It is used as a food supplement to overcome many degenerative conditions and has been ascribed a very diverse clinical pharmacology [1]. Although there are many potential uses for Pycnogenol, the well-studied use is for improving vascula...

Pseudo-Kaposi sarcoma is a benign reactive vascular proliferation mainly involving the lower legs, which can be related to acquired chronic venous insufficiency or congenital arteriovenous malformations. In its most common presentation, acroangiodermatitis is seen in patients with chronic venous insufficiency of the lower limbs as an exaggeration of the stasis dermatitis. However, rare reports ...

Surgical correction of deep venous reflux is a valuable adjunct in treatment of selected patient with lower limb venous ulcer. Deep venous obstruction and superficial reflux is must be corrected first. Sustained venous ulcer healing and reduced ambulatory venous hypertension can be achieved in patients with both primary and secondary deep venous insufficiency. When direct valve repair is possib...

Hemodynamic responses to volume loading with infusion of dextran-40 and myocardial stimulation with isoproterenol in 23 patients in shock from hemorrhage, trauma, or sepsis, and 10 healthy controls were studied. Responses of the control were moderate to dextran and marked to isoproterenol. Shock patients were divided into three groups according to the response of the cardiac index to dextran-40...

This randomized controlled trial of 100 consecutive patients with symptomatic venous insufficiency underwent RFA for mostly C3 to C4 disease. Randomization was done at the end procedures, 80% had saphenous veins, opening a sealed envelope. Patients who wore compression stockings following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) did not have better outcomes than those wear compression. Class 2 (23-32 mm H...