Introduction Congenital variations of the aortic arch and its branches are commonly encountered in radiological practice [13]. A right-sided aortic arch (RAA) with an aberrant left subclavian artery (ALSA) is a rare variation that occurs in 0.05% of the population. The most common vertebral artery variation is the left vertebral artery (LVA) arising from the aortic arch with a reported prevelan...

Introduction: Subclavian steal syndrome refers to the reversal of vertebral blood flow in the setting of proximal subclavian or innominate artery severe stenosis or occlusion resulting in the symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency related to exercise of the upper extremities. It is more common on the left side. Case report: We reported a case of subclavian steal syndrome on the right side in...

Variations of the vertebrobasilar arterial complex are important with regard to their potential clinical impact. We present an unusual case of the vertebral artery, in which the left vertebral artery in its ascent in the neck through the transverse foramina passed posteriorly between the transverse processes of C3 and C4 and supplied the posterior muscles of the neck without continuing intracra...

The Subclavian Steal Syndrome is a condition that results from the stenosis or occlusion of the subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the vertebral artery. The blockage causes the reversal of the normal direction of blood flow in the vertebral artery which is termed the "steal", because it steals blood from the cerebral circulation. Blood is drawn from the contralateral vertebral, basilar...

Two patients with previous brain stem infarction and current symptoms of vascular insufficiency in the basilar circulation had evidence of vertebral artery occlusive disease. Angiography demonstrated ostial stenosis of the dominant right vertebral artery and retrograde flow down the left vertebral artery to the level of the transverse process of C2 in the first case and to the level of a severe...

Background and Purpose—There are limited data on the prognosis of patients with angiographically proved symptomatic stenosis of the intracranial vertebral artery or basilar artery. Methods—We studied 68 patients with 50% to 99% stenosis of one of the following arteries: intracranial vertebral (n531), basilar (n528), posterior cerebral (PCA) (n56), or posterior inferior cerebellar (PICA) (n53). ...

Vasoconstriction of the vertebral artery may be neurogenic in origin. Although the existence of a perivascular sympathetic plexus of the vertebral artery is not in doubt, no method used to date has conclusively demonstrated a direct sympathetic innervation of the vascular smooth muscle cells and, hence, vasomotor function. It was the aim of this study, therefore, to visualise and localise norad...

Study Design Case report. Objective The objective of this study was to report a case of an unstable C1 burst fracture in the setting of a vertebral artery anomaly at the craniovertebral junction. Methods A 55-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with severe neck pain after falling approximately 15 feet and landing on his head. Computed tomography scan of the cervical spine revealed an unst...

There is little data on the diagnostic reliability of the ultrasonic Doppler technique for vertebral arterial occlusive lesions. Percutaneous vertebral Doppler examination and the vertebral angiograms were compared to determine the diagnostic reliability of this technique in 64 vertebral arteries of 53 patients with cerebrovascular disease. The percutaneous vertebral Doppler findings were quant...

Continuous-wave Doppler sonography is a reliable method for detecting severe subclavian stenosis and occlusion as well as subclavian steal. Intermediate stages leading to subclavian steal can also be detected. These are characterized by a cardiac-phase-dependent alternating flow direction in the vertebral artery. Some cases of proximal subclavian or proximal vertebral artery stenosis produce a ...