to perform an accurate approach to the spine specially for fracture stabilization a 3d model of spine surgical region may improve this mechanism and it can help the surgeon to have a deeper glance to this scenario. the pre-op planning facility is another advantage of the patient spine specific model to take a chance of making guides to direct pedicle screws safely and increase the pathomechanic...

INTRODUCTION Study aim is to report the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) features of acute and chronic spontaneous spondylodiscitis. CASE REPORT 57 year old female, complaining of a fever and longstanding cervical pain worsened during physical therapy. METHODS MR images were acquired using superconductive magnet 1.5 T, with the following sequences: sagittal PD and T2 TSE, sagittal T1 SE, ax...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The association between L5 hypoplasia and bilateral spondylolysis was described earlier on conventional radiographs of the lumbar spine. The purpose of this study was to describe the findings on MR imaging in patients with hypoplasia of L5 and to correlate these findings with the presence of bilateral spondylolysis of L5. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied the MR images of...

Study Design Retrospective study. Objectives Lumbar radiculopathy is rarely observed in patients who have achieved bony healing of vertebral fractures in the middle-lower lumbar spine. The objectives of the study were to clarify the clinical features of such radiculopathy and to evaluate the preliminary outcomes of treatment using a modified posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) procedure. M...

neurological manifestation may complicate takayasu arteritis (ta). a 23-year-old girl with sudden onset of vision loss was admitted to hospital. her brain mri showed abnormal t2-signal hyperintensity and visual evoked potential revealed prolonged p100 latency. consequently, optic neuritis was diagnosed. a review on history of dizziness, falling, and weak pulses of upper extremities led to more ...

vertebral artery is the first branch of subclavian artery. it merges with the same artery of the opposite side to form basilar artery and becomes one of the important source of blood supply to the brain. variation in the origin of left vertebral artery was found in 65 year old female during magnetic resonance angiography of the neck vessels. it originated from aortic arch and was longer as comp...

The interventional procedures for disk herniation and protrusion by percutaneous techniques are decompressive such as chemodiscolysis with chimopapain, nucleo-discectomy introduced by Onik, LASER discectomy, and recently nucleoplasty, and decompressive and direct antinflammatory such as chemiodiscolysis with an Oxygen-ozone mixture. These techniques have minimized the invasive nature of surgery...

Patients with Parkinson’s disease complain dizziness frequently. Postural hypotension and postural instablity are suggested to be the reasons of dizziness in elderly people with Parkinson’s disease. The aim of this prospective surveillance study was to characterize the etiology of the dizziness in patients with PD. A total of 47 consecutive patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease were enro...

this report presents a case of vertebral artery dissection (vad), which was misdiagnosed as cerebrovascular accident (cva) in initial examinations.in this case, a 33-year old woman, who was involved in a car accident, was referred to khoy legal medicine centre by traffic court two months after the accident.the patient was examined by the author, who was on an assignment at the centre.at this ti...

study of the osteological development in fishes is important from fisheries, biology and aquaculture points of views. it can be used as an early bio-indicator of non-optimal rearing conditions. the caspian roach, rutilus caspicus is a native cyprinid fish of the caspian sea that its artificial propagation has fulfilled in hatcheries to recruit its natural stocks. hence, this study was conducted...