nanostructured zinc oxide (zno) materials have received considerable interest from scientists due to their remarkable performance in electronics, optics and photonics. zno nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method. zno nanoparticles were synthesized using zn(no3)3 and k2co3 precursors. the structure of the obtained product was confirmed by the powder x-ray diffraction (xrd) anal...

Vaccines are considered one of the greatest medical achievements in the battle against infectious diseases. However, the intractability of various diseases such as hepatitis C, HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and cancer poses persistent hurdles given that traditional vaccine-development methods have proven to be ineffective; as such, these challenges have driven the emergence of novel vaccine ...

Recently, we reported for the first time the development of pH-triggered nanoparticles for the functional delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to liver for treatment of hepatitis B virus infections in vivo. Here, we report on systematic formulation and biophysical studies of three different pH-triggered nanoparticle formulations looking for ways to improve on the capabilities of our previo...

cadmium sulphide (cds) nanoparticles were prepared using microemulsion method using cadmium chloride as cadmium source and sodium sulphide as sulphur source. the obtained nanoparticles structures were characterized by x-ray diffraction (xrd) and transmission electron microscopy (tem) whereas optical characterization was done by ultra violet-visible absorption. xrd result shows that cds nanopart...

The production and use of iron oxide nanoparticles are growing exponentially due to its wide applications in different fields of science and technology. The objective of this study is to synthesize iron oxide nanoparticles, and modification of its surface to make it less toxic. The iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method, and surface modification was done u...

Insects protect themselves from majority of infections by a non-specific innate immune system (present in both vertebrates and invertebrates). Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV), a baculovirus, causing the deadly grasserie disease is a scourge to silkworm industry and we report here the first success in combating this disease with the help of a nanosilica-virus complex. Hydrophobic ...

The fundamental mechanisms governing reduction and growth of palladium on the genetically engineered Tobacco mosaic virus in the absence of an external reducer have been elucidated via in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In recent years, many virus-inorganic materials have been synthesized as a means to produce high quality nanomaterials. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in virus ...

Activating HIV-1 proviruses in latent reservoirs combined with inhibiting viral spread might be an effective anti-HIV therapeutic strategy. Active specific delivery of therapeutic drugs into cells harboring latent HIV, without the use of viral vectors, is a critical challenge to this objective. In this study, nanoparticles of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polyethylene glycol diblock copolymers ...

Considering the emergence of highly pathogenic influenza viruses and threat of worldwide pandemics, there is an urgent need to develop broadly-protective influenza vaccines. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of T7 bacteriophage-based nanoparticles with genetically fused ectodomain of influenza A virus M2 protein (T7-M2e) as a candidate universal flu vaccine. Immunization of mice with ...

conclusions saturated fatty acids (sfas) served as a potential ligand for tlr4 and activated tlr4 signaling pathway, which might be involved in the pathogenesis. thus, sfas can accelerate the mechanism of inhibiting hbv replication in chb with nafld. objectives this study aimed to investigate whether the tlr4-mediated innate immunity stimulates the pathogenesis of chb in patients with nafld and...