Background/aim: The loss of short wavelength sensitive (SWS) cone mechanism sensitivity is related to severe vision loss in patients with age related maculopathy (ARM). A case-control study of patients with ARM and age matched controls was performed, using blue on yellow static perimetry. Methods: A bright yellow background at 594 nm isolated the responses of short wavelength cone mechanisms to...

Choroidal blood flow (ChBF) in birds is regulated by a neural circuit whose components are the retina, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the medial division of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWM), the ciliary ganglion, and the choriod. We have previously shown that lesions of EWM appear to result in pathological alterations in the retina. To determine whether EWM lesions also lead to altered visual f...

this study was intended to investigate the visual field status and its association with other visual parameters in adolescent boys and to compare these outcomes to hearing ones. in a cross-sectional study, visual fields (vf) of 64 adolescent boys with hearing impairments and 68 age-matched boys with normal hearing were evaluated among high school students of tehran, iran in 2013. they all had i...

introduction: amblyopia is reduced vision in an eye that has not received adequate use during early childhood.  the most common cause of unilateral visual loss in children is amblyopia with prevalence rate of 1-4 percent in pre-school children . however, effective treatments may prevent intensive complication. this study was done to assess the treatment effects of amplyopia patients who have re...

AIMS To determine indocyanine green (ICG) angiographic features prognostic of visual acuity loss in eyes following a natural course of exudative age related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS 89 eyes of 72 patients (48 men, 24 women) aged between 50 and 87 years old (mean 69.5 (SD 8.8) years) with classic and/or occult choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) were reviewed. ICG angiographic featur...

OBJECTIVE To measure limitations in the daily activities of village life associated with having trichiasis for individuals with and without visual acuity loss. METHODS Men and women 40 years and older in 6 randomly chosen rural villages in the Kongwa district of Tanzania had visual acuity measured and were examined by an ophthalmologist. Subjects indicated the degree of difficulty with daily ...

PURPOSE To assess the crystalline lens opacity level by measuring ocular light scattering with a double-pass system. DESIGN Prospective, single-center, cross-sectional study. METHODS Two hundred fifty-three eyes of 135 patients referred for cataract evaluation were enrolled. Patients with corneal or retinal anomalies potentially impairing ocular transparency were excluded. Lens opacificatio...

f l t i s e r m s c i t d o o ( t m s a e Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains the leading cause of blindness among working-age people in developed countries1. Tight control of blood glucose levels and blood pressure is essential for preventing or arresting DR development. However, therapeutic objectives are difficult to achieve and DR therefore occurs in a high proportion of patients. Once DR app...