[1] Probabilistic methods play an increasingly important role in volcanic hazards forecasts. Here we show that a probability distribution characterized by competing processes provides an excellent statistical fit (>99% confidence) to repose intervals between 75 vulcanian explosions of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat in September–October, 1997. The excellent fit is explained by a physical mo...

Geofluids is important for understanding volcanic and earthquake generation processes. In this study, we obtained a detailed seismic velocity structure in and around the Naruko volcano, northeastern Japan, using data from a dense seismic observation network. We found a distinct seismic low-velocity zone (LVZ) beneath the Naruko volcano, with a diameter of nearly 10 to 20 km in the lower crust. ...

[1] Due to its high volatility, Po can be effectively released from active volcanoes prior to their explosions. A continuous record of the fallout rate of Po versus that of Pb in northern Taiwan reveals that most of the Po was derived from preeruption gas emission of Philippines’Mayon volcano in the past two years. From this observation we suggest that, if a global network can be properly desig...

in some mobile systems, intelligent antennas are used to increase efficiency in a wide frequency band and different environmental and electromagnetic conditions. environmental factors, such as position of nearby objects, antenna mobility and even user type, can vary the antenna input impedance appreciably. therefore, it is necessary to incorporate an adaptive impedance matching circuit between ...

NW Rota-1 is a submarine volcano in the Mariana volcanic arc that is notable as the site where underwater explosive eruptions were fi rst witnessed in A.D. 2004. After years of continuous low-level eruptive activity, a major landslide occurred at NW Rota-1 in August 2009, triggered by an unusually large eruption that produced 10 times the acoustic energy of the background level of activity. An ...

Introduction The October 2010 eruption of Mt Merapi (the most active volcano in the Indonesia that erupts at 5-years intervals) claimed 141 lives, injured 453 people and displaced at least 278,000 people. This geological event became a disaster as national and international agencies had to step in to assist the Yogyakarta Province and Sleman District Administrations in dealing with the devastat...

During the reawaking of a volcano, magmas migrating through the shallow crust have to pass through hydrothermal fluids and rocks. The resulting magma-hydrothermal interactions are still poorly understood, which impairs the ability to interpret volcano monitoring signals and perform hazard assessments. Here we use the results of physical and volatile saturation models to demonstrate that magmati...

In this paper a new low profile Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) probe-fed H-plane horn antenna structure with improved gain is proposed. The proposed antenna consists of two waveguides including a rectangular and a taper one, in which both, first and third modes of the structure are simultaneously excited leading to a uniform field distribution along the radiating aperture of the antenna a...

In this article an Archimedean spiral antenna is designed and analyzed that has good operation in broadband application. By analyzing this design, the effects that different parameters have on antenna operation will be studied and ways of optimization will be found.  Influences of cavity height and number of turns to obtain good matching and gain in a frequency interval of 4 to 18 GHz will be d...