The Yellowstone supervolcano is one of the largest active continental silicic volcanic fields in the world. An understanding of its properties is key to enhancing our knowledge of volcanic mechanisms and corresponding risk. Using a joint local and teleseismic earthquake P-wave seismic inversion, we revealed a basaltic lower-crustal magma body that provides a magmatic link between the Yellowston...

Crystals are known to affect bubble behavior in natural and industrial melts. In volcanology, high crystal contents (?c > 30 vol.%) may drastically increase the suspension viscosity, altering dynamics severely enough modify eruptive style. During glass production, crystals can process final product. this work, we investigate how a small crystallinity of nano-sized RuO2 ? 2 modifies melt, genera...

Abstract Optical clocks improved the accuracy of state-of-the-art cesium by more than two orders magnitude and enabled frequency comparison with a fractional uncertainty one part in 10 18 . Gravitational redshift such allows determining their height difference an 1 cm. In Europe, chronometric leveling has been extensively conducted for unifying reference systems. Temporal response leveling, whi...

Major volcano flank collapses strongly affect the underlying magmatic plumbing system. Here, we consider the magma storage zone as a liquid pocket embedded in an elastic medium, and we perform numerical simulations in two-dimensional axisymmetric geometry as well as in three dimensions in order to evaluate the consequences of a major collapse event. We quantify the pressure decrease induced wit...

Tephra is a product of large and explosive volcanic events and can travel thousands of kilometers before deposition. Consequently, tephra deposits are common in terrestrial, lacustrine, marine, and glacial environments. Because tephra deposition is a geologically synchronous event, tephras constitute important isochrones in the Quaternary sequence, not only in Japan but also throughout the nort...

Eruption forecasting is a major goal in volcanology. Logically, but unfortunately, forecasting hazards related to non-magmatic unrest is too often overshadowed by eruption forecasting, although many volcanoes often pass through states of non-eruptive and non-magmatic unrest for various and prolonged periods of time. Volcanic hazards related to non-magmatic unrest can be highly violent and/or de...

Volcanic eruptions cause significant loss of lives and property around the world each year. Their importance is highlighted by the sheer number of volcanoes for which eruptive activity is probable. These volcanoes are classified as in a state of unrest. The Global Volcano Project maintained by the Smithsonian Institution estimates that approximately 600 volcanoes, many proximal to major urban a...