Let X be a real Banach space. A multivalued operator T from K into 2 is said to be pseudo-contractive if for every x, y in K, u ∈ T (x), v ∈ T (y) and all r > 0, ‖x−y‖ ≤ ‖(1+r)(x−y)−r(u−v)‖. Denote by G(z, w) the set {u ∈ K : ‖u−w‖ ≤ ‖u−z‖}. Suppose every bounded closed and convex subset of X has the fixed point property with respect to nonexpansive selfmappings. Now if T is a Lipschitzian and ...

This procedure may be actually called minimum distance decoding, the name “maximum likelihood” is justified in a short while. Intuitively is seems natural to assume that this decoding is the best we can hope for in terms of minimizing the error rate. Note if a vector x ∈ C (say a binary code) is sent over a binary symmetric channel W , the probability that a vector y is received on its output P...

Constructing noise maps for large urban areas is a tedious and CPU intensive task. Engineering approximations to outdoor sound propagation are commonly introduced to reduce the computational complexity. In particular, diffuse reflections are often neglected because of their great computational expense. This paper reports on an effort to approximate the diffusely reflected field by using a techn...

For each S ∈ L(E) (with E a Banach space) the operator R(S) ∈ L(E/E) is defined by R(S)(x + E) = Sx + E (x ∈ E). We study mapping properties of the correspondence S → R(S), which provides a representation R of the weak Calkin algebra L(E)/W (E) (here W (E) denotes the weakly compact operators on E). Our results display strongly varying behaviour of R. For instance, there are no non–zero compact...

Background and Aim: Brain mapping is a study of the anatomy and function of the CNS (central nervous system). Brain mapping has many techniques and these techniques are permanently changing and updating. From the beginning, brain mapping was invasive and for brain mapping, electrical stimulation of the exposed brain was needed. However, nowadays brain mapping does not require electrical stimula...

The present note pertains principally to two papers of D. Montgomery and H. Samelson [l, 2J, in which the authors study compact Lie groups transitive on tori [ l ] and spheres [2], I will here prove in another way, generalize, and sharpen a part of their results. §1 contains the remarks to [ l ] , §2 to [2]; they are independent of one another and the methods used in both are quite different. I...

Learning an input-output mapping from a set of examples can be regarded as a problem of model-building. From this point of view, by a hierarchical representation scheme for models, an evolutionary computational approach to model-building problems is proposed in this paper, which is based on the ideas from the evolution programs and the genetic programmings. The computer experiments indicate tha...

In this paper we obtain a local limit theorem for elements of a free group G under the abelianization map [·] : G → G/[G, G]. This is obtained via an analysis involving subshifts of finite type, where we obtain a result of independent interest. The case of fundamental groups of compact surfaces of genus ≥ 2 is also discussed. 0. Introduction Let G denote the free group on k ≥ 2 generators {a1, ...

the optimum shape of balance weights is determined, using two different criteria. according to one, one of the balance weights should have minimum size. while the other requires that the mass moment of inertia about the axis of rotation should be minimum. in the second case, the calculus of variation is used to determine the optimum shape. graphs are presented to enable designers to find the di...