The magic word 'complexity' has been buzzing around in science, policy and society for quite some time now. There seems to be a common feel for a 'new way' of doing things, for overcoming the limits of tradition. From the combined perspective of critical complexity thinking and environment and health practice we want to contribute to the development of alternative routines that may help overcom...

conclusions according to the results, there was a direct correlation between access to physical space in ed and waiting time. in addition, improving the physical access did not necessarily result in shorter waiting time. therefore, to improve triage process, improvement of waiting time indices, and modifying forms of work process in ed are recommended. results the correlation between the waitin...

the crises sometimes cause a man(zawj) to become absent so that no news have been received from him. shiite and sunnite religions have two opinions about the situation of the wife(zawjah) of the continuously absent person: patience until his life or death becomes clear, and waiting four months and ten days(ieddeh of death) after waiting for a determined period. shiite jurists, in condition that...

background and purpose: preoperative fast is the essential part of preoperative care for those patients who are candidates for elective surgery. fast prolongation results in side effects such as: sweating, irritability, decrease in blood sugar and restlessness. despite the noticeable changes in fasting guidelines and their application in many countries, it seems that in iran, these rules are no...