A modified transthoracic approach to the thoracic vertebral column is described. In this method, the parietal pleura is detached from the chest wall and retracted with the visceral pleura and its contents. A direct approach to the vertebral bodies is thus achieved without transgression of the intrapleural space. The technique can be extended to include exposure of the thoracolumbar spinal colum...

Complete duplication of genitourinary system, colon and vertebral column is a very rare and complex congenital condition termed as "caudal duplication syndrome" with variable presentations. This term is often quoted as a type of incomplete separation of mono-ovular twins or conjoined twinning. It is associated with other congenital malformations of the genitourinary, gastrointestinal and other ...

If the hydrostatic pressure in the enteron of Hydra is made more than 2-4 mm of water greater than the outside pressure, the animal becomes distended, indicating that the normal enteron pressure is less than this. Positive enteron pressure attenuates the spontaneous, negative-going electrical spikes across the body wall, which are called contraction pulses (CP's) because of their relation to co...

For countries where catalytic cracking gasoline is the primary source, proposed technology consists in separating a benzene-rich fraction from order to be processed further together with reforming unit dedicated aromatics extraction. In this way, two benefits are obtained: as raw material for extraction and leftover that satisfies benzene content standards qualified product. It established use ...

Wall-coated open-tubular (WCOT) columns provide higher column efficiency and lower solute interfacial adsorption effect than packed columns. However, previous efforts used to measure the infinite dilution activity coefficient (γ(∞)) via a chromatographic technique have used packed columns, because the low carrier gas flow rate (U) and the small stationary phase amount (n(2)) in WCOT columns rai...

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been widely utilized for high-throughput pathogen identification. Often, a dye is used to intercalate the amplified DNA fragments, and identifications of the pathogens are carried out by DNA melting curve analysis or gel electrophoresis. Integrating DNA amplification and identification is a logic path toward maximizing the benefit of multiplex PCR. ...

Cesium iodide (CsI) melt was injected into anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template and was solidified to CsI column. The controllable AAO channel size (10~500 nm) can makes CsI column size from 10 to 500 nm in diameter. In order to have a shorter light irradiate from each singe CsI column top to bottom the AAO template was coated a TiO2 nano-film. The TiO2 film acts a refraction film and makes X-r...

Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) cation exchange monolithic column was prepared in fused-silica capillaries of 320 μm i.d. by thermally initiated radical polymerization and utilized in capillary ion chromatography. With 15 mM methanesulfonic acid as the mobile phase, the separations of a mixture of inorganic cations (Li(+), Na(+), NH(4)(+), K(+)) was tested by using a capacitively coupled contactles...

Selective desorption of (6,5) single-wall carbon nanotubes from hydrogels only occurs at specific co-surfactant ratios. High-purity fractions are obtained at this ratio even with long elution times and different total co-surfactant concentrations. These results suggest that each (n,m) type forms a thermodynamically-stable surfactant structure in the co-surfactant solution, enabling high-fidelit...

We define a higher spin alternating sign matrix to be an integer-entry square matrix in which, for a nonnegative integer r, all complete row and column sums are r, and all partial row and column sums extending from each end of the row or column are nonnegative. Such matrices correspond to configurations of spin r/2 statistical mechanical vertex models with domain-wall boundary conditions. The c...