A one-year survey was conducted in the greater region of Crete (located at the lower region of the Aegean Sea) for the purpose of identifying waste composition (including chemical and physical characterization), as well as any seasonal variation. The investigation was carried out repeatedly at seven landfills and one transfer station in Crete, in four phases. Each sampling phase corresponded to...

By-products and waste materials are potentially valuable inputs into a variety of industrial processes. Markets are being aimed at capitalizing on the use and reuse of these materials as inputs. The literature on reverse logistics analysis mostly concentrates on the end-of-life products recovery systems and mainly does not address the recovery process for waste/by-products streams in an exchang...

background: the quality of the compost produced is one of the most important and effective parameters in its marketing and external materials presence in the compost have specific consideration. this study was conducted to investigate the quantity and quality of foreign materials in the compost produced by khomein and tehran plants. methods: this study was conducted on the compost produced by k...

Post-consumer glass represents a major component of solid waste. On the other hand, more than 100 million tons of coal combustion ash are generated in the U.S. annually, of which 60 million tons are fly ash. To deal with these problems, two new materials were developed: “glascrete” and “ashcrete.” They have the potential of being made almost entirely from recycled materials: crushed mix-color w...

Fluorapatite, fluorinated calcium phosphate, has been identified as a potential matrix for the entombment of the zirconium fluoride fission product waste stream from the proposed FLEX process. If the efficacy of fluorapatitebased waste-storage can be demonstrated, then new and potentially more-efficient options for handling and separating high-level wastes, based on fluoride-salt extraction, wi...

In recent history the volume of electronic products purchased by consumers has dramatically escalated. As a result this has produced an ever-increasing electronic waste (E-waste) stream, which has generated concerns regarding the E-waste's potential for adversely impacting the environment. The leaching of toxic substances from obsolete personal computers (PCs) and cathode ray tubes (CRTs) of te...

Since the world's first disposal of radioactive waste in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, in 1944, considerable experience has been acquired in the field. The first disposal site — intended for "actively contaminated broken glassware or materials not sufficiently clean to be used in other work" — was a simple trench filled with unconditioned waste located on the Oak Ridge site. Similar approaches were ado...

Over recent decades, demand for various materials has increased at an unprecedented rate to underpin human well-being. However, our current material use is problematic and generates massive waste, which is approaching the carrying capacity of our planet and requires a spin on its growth, namely the peak waste. Hence, the current waste generation trend must be fully understood and adjusted. In p...

Introduction Archaeological investigations of landfills have revealed that biodegradable wastes can be found — virtually intact — 25 years after burial. We know that landfills contain bacteria with the metabolic capability to degrade many of the materials that are common components of municipal refuse. The persistence for decades of degradable materials in the presence of such organisms appears...

Objective: 1) To study the solid waste generated per bed per day at District hospital Kargil. 2) To study the existing system of solid waste segregation, collection, transport, storage and disposal at District hospital Kargil. Material and Methods: The prospective study was done over a period of three months, w.e.f. 1 August to 30 October, 2012. During the study of 3 months, 20 days were select...