application of appropriate agricultural operations is a strategy to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural productions process. in this study, fuel consumption and greenhouse gases emissions values for each farm operation was evaluated in gorgan and ali-abad katol to soybean product. all activities and production processes about operations were monitored and re...

A porous phenolsulphonic acid-formaldehyde resin (PAFR) was developed. The heterogeneous catalyst PAFR was applied to the esterification of carboxylic acids and alcohols, affording the carboxylic acid esters in a yield of up to 95% where water was not removed from the reaction mixture. Surprisingly, the esterification in water as a solvent proceeded to afford the desired esters in high yield. P...

according to the drought as the most important environmental factor that limiting agricultural products and using nitrogen as the most consumed nutrition element in farming system, in this study investigates examined the effect of nitrogen on drought tolerance characteristics, including changes in total chlorophyll content, total protein content, leaf area, phosphorus and peroxidase enzyme acti...

fishing per somewhat longer voyage and more fish per day at sea and per ton of fuel. These two British pioneer experiments have indicated two possible ways of improving the exploitation of wide-ranging fisheries. 'Those who rely on supplies brought in by distant-water trawlers may before very long be freezing sizeable quantities at sea' (European Productivity Agency of the Organisation for Euro...

fishing per somewhat longer voyage and more fish per day at sea and per ton of fuel. These two British pioneer experiments have indicated two possible ways of improving the exploitation of wide-ranging fisheries. 'Those who rely on supplies brought in by distant-water trawlers may before very long be freezing sizeable quantities at sea' (European Productivity Agency of the Organisation for Euro...

A fixed bed pyrolysis has been designed and fabricated for obtaining liquid fuel from mustard de-oiled cake. Thermal pyrolysis of mustard deoiled cake were carried out in a semi batch reactor made up of stainless steel at temperature range from 450 0 C to 600 0 C and at a rate of 150C /min to produce bio-fuel. The maximum yield of oil was 51% on wt. % basis for mustard de-oiled cake, it was obt...

Methane was generated from cotton waste, while considering its pollution in textile industries. Cotton waste includes solid content and is rich in cellulose having a moisture content of 8.8%. It is difficult to form slurry as the waste float on water and hence an experimental set up has been made like a batch type digester and experiments were conducted with a different proposition of water wit...

Decisions can be taken to increase energy efficiency and to mitigate the emissions to the environment by examining the energy audit and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions footprint of crop production in different ways and in different regions, with comparable principles. In this study, energy consumption and energy indices of tomatoes production in four regions of Iran including East Azerbaijan...

Th e electricity generating effi ciency is the energy in the net electricity generated divided by the energy in the fuel used to generate that electricity on an all-in basis. Higher effi ciency means less coal consumed and reduced emissions per unit of electricity. Th e chemical energy in the fuel can be expressed as either its Lower Heating Value (LHV) or its Higher Heating Value (HHV) [5]. In...