Conventional drug delivery systems have little control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. The major problem associated with conventional drug delivery system is unpredictable plasma concentrations. Osmotic devices are the most promising strategy based systems for controlled drug delivery. They are the most reliable controlled drug ...

Many millions of urban dwellers are excluded from formal systems of water and sanitation service delivery. Without access to piped water and acceptable sanitation services, households and individuals are forced to use limited supplies of water, often of poor quality, from unreliable sources and usually at a high cost. Safe sanitation and the means to practice hygienic behaviours are often entir...

Now a day’s pulmonary drug delivery remains the favourite route for administration of various drugs. Pulmonary route has concerned as a tremendous scientific and biomedical importance in recent years due to its unique properties such as a large absorptive area of up to 100m2 and it has particularly thin 0.1 μm 0.2 μm absorptive mucosal membrane and good blood supply. Targeted drug delivery to t...

S torage and distribution systems for water and water-based fluids are both critical and ubiquitous in every industry, geography, and culture. Large scale industrial water handling systems require water storage and distribution for a range of applications from simple thermal control (cooling and heating systems) to Purified Water (PW) production and delivery. For more than 40 years, manufacture...

this study examined the effects of two bacteria (bacillu subtilis bp6 and lactobacillus plantarum lp3) on survival, growth and digestive tract microflora of achanthopagrus latus larvae with different delivery methods. for each bacterium was considered three treatments with different delivery methods. in first treatment, fish larvae were exposed to each bacterium through feeding them with bacter...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of nicotine exposure starting before coitus and continuing during pregnancy and lactation period on delivery rate, fetal growth and nicotine addiction in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten female Swiss Albino rats were divided into 2 groups as the nicotine group (NG) (n=5), and the control group (n=5), conceived by adding 2 male rats to each group. While the co...

The expected increase in aid to Africa will put a big challenge for public service delivery. Using a simultaneous equation model, this paper provides an analysis of the effects of the volume and volatility of aid on education, health, water and sanitation outcomes, taking also into account the institutions related to public service delivery, including freedom of press, corruption and decentrali...

Many amphibians lay their eggs in gelatinous masses up to 10­20 cm in diameter, posing problems for diffusive oxygen delivery. Oxygen may also be provided by water convection between eggs or by oxygen production by endogenous algae. We studied egg masses of two local amphibians, Rana sylvatica and Ambystoma maculatum, to estimate the importance of each of these processes. We injected dye to...

The advent of polymeric materials has significantly promoted the development and rapid growth of various technologies in biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering and controlled drug and gene delivery. Water-soluble polypeptides bearing functional side chains and adopting stable secondary structures are a new class of functional polymeric materials of potentially broad applications in...