The phenomenological approach began to be widely used in Islamic research and studies. A studies is urgently needed explain religious phenomena more depth. purpose of this study the meaning approach, its methods, techniques, steps, application use This uses literature method, results are: (1) an that explains a phenomenon as it from point view subject actor himself. (2) method descriptive using...

Human rights situation in the Middle East (ME) is a central concern in contemporary political as well as academic discourses. There is a considerable amount of literature on the subject, both academic and journalistic, in the Western world. A large part of that literature blames the ME in different ways for its ‘terrible’ conception and treatment of human rights norms. They typically, do not he...

circumstances and development of Muslim nations has been the subject of intense debate among Muslims and non-Muslims alike. Western critics of Islam or “Islamic civilization,” such as Bernard Lewis (1990) and Samuel Huntington (1993), have decried its economic irrationality, incompatibility with democracy, and failure to separate religion and state; while scholars such as Edward Said (2001:11) ...

Muhammad Iqbal’s cultural, literary, and philosophical influence on the Indian subcontinent, especially his impact on the events that led to the birth of the state of Pakistan cannot be denied.  Prior to visiting Europe, Iqbāl had gained profound understanding of Islamic teachings.  While in Europe, he acquired deep knowledge of Western scholarship and was also exposed to Western philosophical ...

Security is an essential social and political institution for International Relations the cornerstone of Studies. In this sense, role religion increasingly relevant, recognised as a key factor in global politics. With regard to Islam, its examination has been marked by phenomena terrorism or other revolutionary processes their direct impact on security. However, careful observation fundamental ...