The Wingless (Wg) pathway represents one of the best-characterized intercellular signaling networks. Studies performed in Drosophila over the last 30 years have contributed to our understanding of the role of Wg signaling in the regulation of tissue growth, polarity, and patterning. These studies have revealed mechanisms conserved in the vertebrate Wnt pathways and illustrate the elegance of us...

BACKGROUND Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) is classically characterized by the triad of sinonasal, pulmonary, and renal manifestations. However, a growing body of research has demonstrated that atypical head and neck pathologies including retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal lesions are often the presenting feature of patients found to have WG. CASE This report describes the hospital course of a ...

Viscous GCG(generalized Chaplygin gas) cosmology is discussed, assuming that there is bulk viscosity in the linear barotropic fluid and GCG. The dynamical analysis indicates that the phase wg = −1 + √ 3γκτg/(γ − √ 3κτγ) is a dynamical attractor and the equation of state of GCG approaches it from either wg > −1 or wg < −1 depending on the choice of its initial cosmic density parameter and the ra...

PLoS Biology | http://biology.plosjournals.org The Wnt/Wingless (Wg) pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that plays important roles in normal development and cancer, from worms and flies to mice and humans. Two papers, identifying the first components of this pathway, initiated the active research field of Wnt/Wg signal transduction and profoundly influenced my scientific c...

Plasma alkylresorcinols (AR) are useful as dietary biomarkers of wheat and rye whole grain (WG) during interventions but need to be validated in free-living populations. This study estimated the medium-term reproducibility and relative validity of plasma AR as biomarkers of WG and cereal fiber intake. Seventy-two Swedish adults kept 3-d weighed food records on 2 occasions 2-3 mo apart. Of these...

Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse association between dietary intake of whole grains and the risk of chronic disease. This may be related to the ability to mediate a prebiotic modulation of gut microbiota. However, no studies have been conducted on the microbiota modulatory capability of whole-grain (WG) cereals. In the present study, the impact of WG wheat on the human intestinal m...

Pattern formation in developing animals requires that cells exchange signals mediated by secreted proteins. How these signals spread is still unclear. It is generally assumed that they reach their target site either by diffusion or active transport (reviewed in [1] [2]). Here, we report an alternative mode of transport for Wingless (Wg), a member of the Wnt family of signaling molecules. In emb...

The protein-serine kinase Shaggy (Sgg) is the Drosophila homolog of mammalian glycogen synthase kinase-3 and has been genetically implicated in signal transduction pathways necessary for the establishment of patterning. Sgg is a putative component of the Wingless (Wg) pathway, and epistasis analyses suggest that Sgg function is repressed by Wg signaling. Here, we have investigated the biochemic...