The influence of temperature of enzymic semisynthesis of human insulin ester was determined by using coupling and transpeptidation methods with trypsin and Achromobacter lyticus proteinase I as catalysts. The optimal reaction conditions were studied at the selected temperatures of 25, 12 and 4 degrees C. The results showed that the synthesis rates by both methods with trypsin increased as the t...

Wrapping low-birth-weight neonates in a plastic bag prevents body heat loss. A bonnet can also be used, since large amounts of heat can be lost from the head region, but may provide too much thermal insulation, thus increasing the risk of overheating. We assessed the time required to reach warning body temperature (t38 degrees C), heat stroke (t40 degrees C), or extreme value (t43 degrees C) in...

Traditionally the calculation of accumulated degree days or hours (ADD or ADH) involves the concept of a minimum threshold temperature below which development ceases. Hence in fluctuating conditions, where temperatures drop below this threshold, there may be periods of time when development is taken to be zero. This has important implications when the calculation of postmortem interval (PMI) is...

It appears that small movements (detected hitherto only by fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements and crosslinking studies) in a region of the myosin S-1 particle may mediate chemomechanical energy transduction in the contractile system. Here we find under conditions of high precision at 10 degrees C and 20 degrees C that ATP binding to S-1 causes small (0.4%) changes in CD signal,...

If x0 and x1 are both generic, the theories of the degrees below x0 and x1 are the same. The same is true if both are random. We show that the n-genericity or n-randomness of x do not su¢ ce to guarantee that the degrees below x have these common theories. We also show that these two theories (for generics and randoms) are di¤erent. These results answer questions of Jockusch as well as Barmpali...

Mathematical robust model of thermo-balance of Earth’s heat fluxes is suggested for such an estimation. Using well-known data (albedo of the Earth’s surface, constant of heat flux from the Sun per square meter of Earth’s outer atmosphere surface, etc.), we could conclude that heating only by the Solar activity is not sufficient to obtain the real meaning of temperature of Earth’s surface. Estim...

Most microorganisms isolated from low-temperature environments (below 4 degrees C) are eury-, not steno-, psychrophiles. While psychrophiles maximize or maintain growth yield at low temperatures to compensate for low growth rate, the mechanisms involved remain unknown, as does the strategy used by eurypsychrophiles to survive wide ranges of temperatures that include subzero temperatures. Our st...

1. The present experiments were designed to elucidate the reasons for the fall in central body temperature during hypoglycaemia. 2. The first experiment was carried out at a room temperature of 25 degrees C on 11 male subjects. Hypoglycaemia was induced by infusion of insulin. Heat production (calculated from respiratory gas exchange) rose from a baseline of 5.10 +/- 0.13 kJ/min (mean +/- SEM) ...