Attention is unequally distributed across the visual field. Due to greater right than left hemisphere activation for visuospatial attention, people attend slightly more side. As a result, voluntarily remember stimuli better when it first appears in But does this effect—termed memory bias—also enhance involuntary memory? We manipulated presentation location of 100 highly negative images (chosen ...

Brahms is a multi-agent modeling language for developing distributed multi-agent systems, as well as multi-agent simulations. One of the issues we face developing Brahms agents is that the belief-set of an agent increases over time, slowing down the agent’s processing capability. Another issue is how an agent can “remember” what happened in the past. How can an agent’s memory be modeled suffici...

Modern slavery is less overt than historical state-sanctioned slavery because psychological abuse is typically used to recruit and then control victims. The recent UK Draft Modern Slavery Bill, and current UK government anti-slavery strategy relies heavily on a shared understanding and public cooperation to tackle this crime. Yet, UK research investigating public understanding of modern slavery...

We remember a considerable number of personal experiences because we are frequently reminded of them, a process known as memory reactivation. Although memory reactivation helps to stabilize and update memories, reactivation may also introduce distortions if novel information becomes incorporated with memory. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural mec...

Sleep consolidates memory and promotes generalization in adults, but it is still unknown to what extent the rapidly growing infant memory benefits from sleep. Here we show that during sleep the infant brain reorganizes recent memories and creates semantic knowledge from individual episodic experiences. Infants aged between 9 and 16 months were given the opportunity to encode both objects as spe...

This paper is the first study to conduct an econometric analysis of indigenous slavery in Africa. We distinguish indigenous slavery from export slavery and survey the literature in order to identify the factors that shaped its prevalence and its impact on Africa’s long-term development. We present data collected from colonial records and utilize these in a statistical analysis. The results show...

Recalling an item interferes with recall of related memories. Evidence is presented that retrieval interference occurs in associative recognition as well as recall. In Experiment 1, subjects studied pairs of category exemplars. Retrieval practice followed, during which some pairs appeared in a cued recall test. A final test of associative recognition (with remember-know judgments) found lower a...