Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) impose known physical laws into the learning of deep networks, making sure they respect physics process while decreasing demand labeled data. For systems represented by Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), conventional PINN has a continuous time input variable and outputs solution corresponding ODE. In their original form, PINNs do not allow control i...

An important advantage of Java is its portability due to its use of byte ode. However the use of byte ode allows de ompilation of Java programs to gain a ess to their sour e ode. This makes it easier to pirate Java programs, infringing their opyright. This is a disadvantage of Java in omparison with programming languages that ompile to native obje t ode. Software watermarking is a relatively ne...

The problem of state-observation is addressed for nonlinear systems that can bemodeled by an ODE–PDE series association. The ODE subsystem assumes a triangular structure while the PDE element is of heat diffusion type. The aim is to accurately estimate online the state vector of the ODE subsystem and the distributed state of the PDE element. One major difficulty is that the state observation mu...

The parameter identifiability problem for dynamic system ODE models has been extensively studied. Nevertheless, except for linear ODE models, the question of establishing identifiable combinations of parameters when the model is unidentifiable has not received as much attention and the problem is not fully resolved for nonlinear ODEs. Identifiable combinations are useful, for example, for the r...

MOTIVATION The effort to build a whole-cell model requires the development of new modeling approaches, and in particular, the integration of models for different types of processes, each of which may be best described using different representation. Flux-balance analysis (FBA) has been useful for large-scale analysis of metabolic networks, and methods have been developed to incorporate transcri...

PURPOSE Differential diagnosis between acute optic disc edema (ODE) and optic disc pseudoedema (PODE) may be a clinical challenge even for well-trained ophthalmologists. Funduscopy remains the first-line investigation. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of funduscopy in differentiating ODE from PODE. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectiona...