It is now well established that stellar winds of hot stars are fragmentary and that the X-ray emission from stellar winds has a strong contribution from shocks in winds. Chandra high spectral resolution observations of line profiles of O and B stars have shown numerous properties that had not been expected. Here we suggest explanations by considering the X-rays as arising from bow shocks that o...

We report the detection and monitoring of transient substructures in the radiation-driven winds of five massive, hot stars in different evolutionary stages. Clumping in the winds of these stars shows up as variable, narrow subpeaks superposed on their wide, wind-broadened (optical) emission lines. Similar patterns of emission-line profile variations are detected in the Of stars ζ Puppis and HD9...

The SeaWinds instrument on the QuikSCAT satellite was designed to measure near surface winds over the ocean at a nominal resolution of 25 km with daily global coverage. Recently, reconstruction and resolution enhancement algorithms have been applied to the QuikSCAT measurements to generate high resolution backscatter fields. These high resolution fields make it possible to retrieve the wind at ...

[1] The bubble cloud depth and its correlation with extreme winds are key elements of bubble‐mediated gas injection, which are critical to the determination of the global gas budgets. The characteristics of bubble cloud depth were examined frommeasurements collected during the passage of a category‐4 hurricane with winds up to 50 m s. The bubble cloud depth increases linearly with wind speed fo...

Accurate three-dimensional wind fields are essential for diagnosing a variety of important climate processes in the Arctic, such as the advection and deposition of heat and moisture, changes in circulation features, and transport of trace constituents. In light of recent studies revealing significant biases in upperlevel winds over the Arctic Ocean from reanalyses, new daily wind fields are gen...

Santa Ana Winds (SAWs) are an integral feature of the regional climate of Southern California/ Northern Baja California region, but their climate-scale behavior is poorly understood. In the present work, we identify SAWs in mesoscale dynamical downscaling of a global reanalysis from 1948 to 2012. Model winds are validated with anemometer observations. SAWs exhibit an organized pattern with stro...

An oil spill occurred off Goa, west coast of India, on 23 March 2005 due to collision of two vessels. In general, fair weather with weak winds prevails along the west coast of India during March. In that case, the spill would have moved slowly and reached the coast. However, in 2005 when this event occurred, relatively stronger winds prevailed, and these winds forced the spill to move away from...

Observations of the winds in the upper atmosphere obtained with the High-Resolution Doppler Imager (HRDI) on the Upper Atmosphere Researck Sarellife (UARS) are discussed. This instrument is a very stable high-resolution triple-etalon Fabry-Perot interferometer. which is used to observe the slight Doppler shifts of absorption and emission lines in the O2 Atmospheric bands induced by atmospheric ...

Wintertime synoptic situations leading to the occurrence of strong surface winds over coastal waters of the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the northern Leeward Islands are discussed. Six-hourly average wind speeds for the oceanic areas adjacent to Puerto Rico are obtained from ship reports and related to the surface pressure gradient. The onset of surface winds of 20 k...

First attempts are made to derive astrophysical implications of the collision of clumped stellar winds from order of magnitude estimates and preliminary numerical simulations. Compared to colliding smooth winds, we find that the most significant differences occur in widely separated systems like WR 140. Clumped winds de-stabilize the wind-wind interaction zone of such systems. Highly compressed...