Casualty rates for naval forces ashore across varying battle intensities are needed as input to medical and manpower planning models. Casualty data of medical and construction battalions participating in World War II amphibious assaults, Korea, and Vietnam were extracted from archival sources. Casualty rates among naval ashore forces fluctuated with battle intensity. The rate during intense com...

On October 24, 2000, the Rosie the Riveter World War II/Home Front National Historical Park was established in Richmond, CA to commemorate in a substantial way the wartime women workers in the shipyards. A review of the 1942-1945 published case reports from the medical records of women who worked in the Kaiser Shipyards in Richmond, found that the women who helped build ships for the war effort...

The "new math" curriculum, one version of which was developed in the 1950s and 1960s by the School Mathematics Study Group under the auspices of the National Science Foundation, occasioned a great deal of controversy among mathematicians. Well before its rejection by parents and teachers, some mathematicians were vocal critics, decrying the new curriculum because of the way it described the pra...

This paper explores the attempt of social scientists associated with Unesco to create a system of knowledge production to provide the international perspective necessary for democratic governance of a world community. Social scientists constructed a federal system of international associations that institutionalized American disciplines on an international scale. An international perspective em...

Among the many ways that music affects the human spirit, personal growth and healing are among the newest and the oldest. It was not until World War II that a modern society accepted music as a source of healing. During that era, musicians were hired to perform for injured soldiers in hospitals. This paper describes how the uses of a type of friction idiophone, popularly known as singing bowls ...

The history of Switzerland is outlined briefly with special reference to evolution from unilingual to quadrilingual polity. Official modern language policy in the four language territories is described, with data on language boundaries and relative number of speakers. Extent of individual (as against societal) multilingualism in Switzerland is described, in conjunction with language attitudes a...

EEective urban management and planning requires an understanding of the forces driving cities' development. Trends in population density and distribution are of particular importance, but are diicult to measure, and recent studies have come to connicting conclusions regarding the rate of decentralization in U.S. cities. We use a new metric to obtain new evidence regarding decentralization in U....

The Semantic Web is the extension of the World Wide Web that enables people to share content beyond the boundaries of applications and websites [10]. Although it is a relatively new concept, the first time the term was coined and printed in a fairly accessible place was in the year 2001 [20]. There are already many successful industrial applications that use Semantic Web technologies. This work...