Given the known mechanosensitivity of the lymphatic vasculature, we sought to investigate the effects of dynamic wall shear stress (WSS) on collecting lymphatic vessels while controlling for transmural pressure. Using a previously developed ex vivo lymphatic perfusion system (ELPS) capable of independently controlling both transaxial pressure gradient and average transmural pressure on an isola...

The branching pattern of epicardial coronary arteries is clearly three-dimensional, with correspondingly complex flow patterns. The objective of the present study was to perform a detailed hemodynamic analysis using a three-dimensional finite element method in a left anterior descending (LAD) epicardial arterial tree, including main trunk and primary branches, based on computed tomography scans...

BACKGROUND Hemodynamic insults--high wall shear stress (WSS) combined with high positive WSS gradient (WSSG)--have been proposed to link to cerebral aneurysm initiation. We report 4 cases of aneurysms with proximal stenosis, including 1 de novo aneurysm, that might be associated with hemodynamic insults caused by the proximal stenosis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION In 4 clinical cases, the diameter s...

Atherosclerosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Its apparent link with wall shear stress (WSS) has led to considerable interest in the in vivo estimation of WSS. Determining WSS by combining medical images with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations can be performed both with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS). This study compares predi...

in this study, flow characteristics through symmetric stenosis artery are investigated. the shape of eccentricity for stenotic flows is limited by circular-cross sections and plaques are usually assumed as to be oriented concentrically. thegoverningequationsaretheusualnavier-stokesequationsandare numericallysolved by using finite volumemethod in arbitrary orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. in ad...

In this study, the effect of sodium tungstate on anaerobic digestion waste sewage sludge (WSS) was investigated. Methane production enhanced by in a dose-dependent manner. Sodium did not affect hydrolysis stage as same level protease activity detected WSS sample with or without tungstate. At acidogenesis stage, concentration acetate decreased during supplemented whereas that isobutyrate increas...

Previous clinical studies in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have concentrated predominantly on distal pulmonary vascular resistance, its contribution to the disease process, and response to therapy. However, it is well known that biomechanical factors such as shear stress have an impact on endothelial health and dysfunction in other parts of the vasculature. This study tested the hypothe...

INTRODUCTION In the human placenta the maternal blood circulates in the intervillous space (IVS). The syncytiotrophoblast (STB) is in direct contact with maternal blood. The wall shear stress (WSS) exerted by the maternal blood flow on the STB has not been evaluated. Our objective was to determine the physiological WSS exerted on the surface of the STB during the third trimester of pregnancy. ...

The changes in the evolution of the spatial and temporal distribution of the wall shear stresses (WSS) and gradients of wall shear stresses (GWSS) at different stages of the enlargement of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are important in understanding the aetiology and progression of this vascular disease since they affect the wall structural integrity, primarily via the changes induced on t...

The formation of aneurysm of abdominal aorta (AAA), is a multi-factorial and predominantly degenerative process that results from a complex interplay between biological processes in the arterial wall and the hemodynamic stimuli on the wall, i.e. wall shear stresses (WSS) and elongations of the wall directly applied on vascular endothelial cells (EC) partly regulate the arterial wall remodelling...