UNLABELLED Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries remain a common orthopaedic disease, particularly in young adults. The treatment of choice for ACL injuries is ACL reconstruction (ligamentoplasty). ACL reconstruction is the surgical intervention used to replace the damaged ACL with a bone-patella tendon-bone (BTB) graft or with soft parts (semitendinosus - gracilis muscles (ST-G) - a method...

Many clinicians believe that the results of revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction compare unfavorably with primary ACL reconstruction. However, few prospective studies have evaluated revision ACL reconstruction using validated patient-based metrics. This study was performed to evaluate and compare the results of revision ACL reconstruction and primary ACL reconstruction. The ...

We present a new modal access control logic ACL to specify, reason about and enforce access control policies. The logic includes new modalities for permission, control, and ratification to overcome some limits of current access control logics. We present a Hilbert-style proof system for ACL and a sound and complete Kripke semantics for it. We exploit Kripke semantics to define Seq-ACL: a sound,...

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most common injuries in orthopaedics. ACL injury can be treated either surgically or non-surgically. When surgery is performed, the torn ligament is replaced with a new tissue that will turn into ligament over time. The two main options are autograft, which means that the tissue used to reconstruct the ACL comes from you, and allograft, w...

BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is often accompanied with medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury. Assessment of varus-valgus (V-V) instability in the ACL-deficient knee is crucial for the management of the concomitant ACL-collateral ligaments injury. We evaluated the V-V laxity and investigated the effect of additional posterior tibial load on the laxity in the ACL-deficient...

BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a devastating injury that puts an athlete at high risk of future osteoarthritis. Identification of risk factors and development of ACL prevention programmes likely decrease injury risk. Although studies indicate that sagittal plane biomechanical factors contribute to ACL loading mechanisms, it is unlikely that non-contact ACL injuries occur ...

The characteristics of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), such as proportion and multilineage potential, can be affected by donor age. However, the qualitative and quantitative features of ACL MSCs isolated from younger and older individuals have not yet been compared directly. This study assessed the phenotypic and functional differences in ACL-MSCs isolate...

background: antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (aps) can either occur as a primary syndrome or associated with other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). anticardiolipin antibody (acl) of igg and/or igm isotype in blood, measured by a standardized elisa is the most acceptable laboratory criteria. aps igg isotype, particularly igg2 subclass is more strongly associated ...