Introduction Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an autoinflammatory bone disorder that manifests as recurrent flares of inflammatory bone pain, related to one or more foci of nonbacterial osteomyelitis. Patients may present with low grade fever and modest elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell counts (WBC). We descr...

The standard recommendation for treating chronic osteomyelitis is 6 weeks of parenteral antibiotic therapy. However, oral antibiotics are available that achieve adequate levels in bone, and there are now more published studies of oral than parenteral antibiotic therapy for patients with chronic osteomyelitis. Oral and parenteral therapies achieve similar cure rates; however, oral therapy avoids...

BACKGROUND Acute osteomyelitis, which is uncommon in neonates, needs to be quickly diagnosed and treated to avoid devastating sequelae. Therefore, it is important to maintain a high index of suspicion and be aware of the evolving epidemiology and of the emergence of antibiotic resistant and aggressive strains requiring careful monitoring and targeted therapy. The most frequently isolated bacter...

A 51 year old woman without significant past medical history or risk factors for Nocardia infection developed primary Nocardia nova sternal osteomyelitis with mediastinal abscess, diagnosed with open biopsy. She required prolonged antibiotic therapy and had a favorable outcome. Primary sternal osteomyelitis develops in the absence of a contiguous focus of infection, as opposed to secondary ster...

To the Editor– We read with interest the meta-analysis by Dihn et al. [1] in which the diagnostic modalities of osteomyelitis underlying diabetic foot ulcers were systematically reviewed. In their methodologically rigorous study, the authors concluded that MRI was the most accurate imaging method (pooled sensitivity, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.82–0.95]; pooled specificity, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.62–0.91]; and Q*...

OBJECT Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) is used as primary and/or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of various clinical conditions complicated by local hypoxia. It may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of neurosurgical infections such as spinal osteomyelitis that are associated with significant morbidity rates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of HBO therapy in ...

Diabetes is a disease with many manifestations secondary to hyperglycemia which include peripheral arterial disease, peripheral neuropathy, and immune dysfunction. Osteomyelitis is often found in diabetic patients, and can be difficult to treat in this complex and growing patient population. The following article serves to survey the literature as to the diagnosis and treatment options for diab...

In the maxillofacial skeleton, chronic osteomyelitis is more often observed in the mandible than maxilla. Maxillary osteomyelitis is rare because of its rich blood supply. It is usually seen in individuals with impaired immune response, uncontrolled diabetes and hospitalized patients. It can be caused by bacterial, fungal or viral infections. We report a rare case of maxillary osteomyelitis cau...