T-cell tolerance is the central program that prevents harmful immune responses against self-antigens, in which inhibitory PD-1 signal given by B7-H1 interaction plays an important role. Recent studies demonstrated that B7-H1 binds CD80 besides PD-1, and B7-H1/CD80 interaction also delivers inhibitory signals in T cells. However, a role of B7-H1/CD80 signals in regulation of T-cell tolerance has...

Purpose: Release of inhibitory coregulatory proteins into the circulation may represent one mechanism by which tumors thwart immune responses. Our objective was to determine whether soluble B7-H1 (sB7H1) levels in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are associated with pathologic features and patient outcome. Experimental Design: We developed an ELISA for quantification of sB7...

SUMMARY Warfarin-induced bleeding complications and high inter-patient variability are major hindrances to oral anticoagulant therapy. The present study identifies the influence of VKORC1 diplotypes, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 variants on warfarin disposition and dose requirements in Chinese patients (n=107). The study subjects were genotyped for VKORC1, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 polymorphic variants. Weekly ...

The separation and purification of histone H1 from the sperm of the sea-urchin Sphaerechinus granularis is described. Physical studies were used to compare this histone H1 molecule with H1 histones from other species. C.d. and 270 MHz n.m.r. spectroscopy indicate that, despite significant compositional differences from other sea-urchin sperm H1 histones, their secondary and tertiary structures ...

To analyze the mechanism by which histone H3 phosphorylation occurs specifically during mitosis, the effect of H1 on mitosis-specific H3 phosphorylation (Ser-10) was investigated in nucleosomes. H1 interaction with H1-depleted nucleosomes suppressed H3 phosphorylation including Ser-10 by approximately 50%. However, H1 interaction with DNA-free histone octamers failed to suppress H3 phosphorylat...

B7-H1 encompasses a recently discovered cell surface glycoprotein within the B7 family of T-cell co-regulatory molecules. B7-H1 expression can be induced on activated T lymphocytes and is normally expressed by macrophage lineage cells. In addition, some human tumors acquire the ability to aberrantly express B7-H1. Tumor-associated B7-H1, as well as B7-H1 on activated lymphocytes, has been shown...

In eukaryotic nuclei, DNA is wrapped around an octamer of core histones to form nucleosomes, and chromatin fibers are thought to be stabilized by linker histones of the H1 type. Higher eukaryotes express multiple variants of histone H1; chickens possess six H1 variants. Here, we generated and analyzed the phenotype of a complete deletion of histone H1 genes in chicken cells. The H1-null cells s...

Cdc45 is required for initiation of DNA replication and fork progression, but its function in these processes remains unknown. We show that targeting Cdc45 to specific chromosomal sites in mammalian cells results in large-scale chromatin decondensation that strongly correlates with histone H1 phosphorylation. Cdk2 is recruited to sites of Cdc45 decondensation, and Cdk2 inhibitors reduce the lev...

PURPOSE Recently, we established an ELISA technique for measuring nm23-H1 protein in serum and found that the serum nm23-H1 level is a potential prognostic factor for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of nm23-H1 by the lymphoma cells in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). RESULTS By analyzing a c...