Heterocyclic compounds are vital in rational drug design by providing convenient means for the optimization of drugs or candidates. Isoxazolidine (a heterocyclic compound) derived from (3 + 2) cycloaddition reaction is reported to possess anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. The mechanistic study chemo-, regio-, stereo-selectivities (32CA) diarylnitrones (A1) ...

The majority of phospholipase A2 activity in myocardium is calcium-independent and selective for hydrolysis of plasmalogen substrate (Wolf, R. A., and Gross, R. W. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 7295-7303; Hazen, S. L., Stuppy, R. J., and Gross, R. W. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 10622-10630). Accordingly, identification of an inhibitor which selectively targets calcium-independent phospholipases A2 ...

Cholera enterotoxin (CT) is produced by Vibrio cholerae and excreted into the culture medium as an extracellular protein. CT consists of one A polypeptide and five B polypeptides associated by noncovalent bonds, and CT-B interacts with CT-A primarily via the A2 domain. Treatment of CT with trypsin cleaves CT-A into A1 and A2 fragments that are linked by a disulfide bond. CT-B binds to gangliosi...

Introduction: We wished to compare the survival benefit associated with gross total resection (GTR) in World Health Organization (WHO) grade II astrocytomas (A2) to those of grade III (A3) and grade IV (glioblastoma) astrocytomas. Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (1999-2010) database, we identified 4,113 A2 patients. Surgical resection was defined as...

AIMS To examine the potential role of the lipolytic enzyme phospholipase A2, produced by Helicobacter pylori in ulcer formation. METHODS Phospholipase A2 activity in H pylori was compared with that in 10 commonly occurring pathogenic bacteria. Phospholipase A2 activity and its cytotoxic metabolite, lysolecithin, in the basal gastric aspirates of 12 patients infected with H pylori were compare...

Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world and the most common cancer in Iranian women in terms of rate. The cytochrome P-450c17α (CYP17) gene, located on chromosome 10q24.3, encodes the enzyme cytochrome P-450c17α, which functions as a susceptibility factor in breast cancer. Material and methods: Three common polymorphisms have been described in the CYP17 gene. T...

Phenobarbital and other xenobiotics induce drug-metabolizing enzymes, including glutathione S-transferase A1/A2 (rGSTA1/A2). We examined the mechanism of induction of rGSTA1/A2 in rat livers after phenobarbital treatment. The induction of rGSTA1/A2 was not uniform across the hepatic lobule; steady-state transcript levels were threefold higher in perivenous hepatocytes relative to periportal hep...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in children. In contrast to the RSV prototypic strain A2, clinical isolate RSV 2-20 induces airway mucin expression in mice, a clinically relevant phenotype dependent on the fusion (F) protein of the RSV strain. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a role in airway mucin expression in other sy...

Several functional tests were performed to compare Hb A, Hb A2, and Hb Lepore Boston, which has a delta-beta crossover in the region of residues 87 to 116. Oxygen equilibrium curves determined by an automatic apparatus in 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, at 20 degrees showed that the p50 was 5.8 mm Hg for Hb Lepore Boston, in contrast to 8.1 and 10.3 mm Hg for Hb A2 and Hb A, respectiv...

We have previously demonstrated that plasmin acts as a potent proinflammatory activator of human peripheral monocytes. Here we identify the annexin A2 heterotetramer, composed of annexin A2 and S100A10, as a receptor for the plasmin-induced signaling in human monocytes. Monocytes express the annexin A2 heterotetramer on the cell surface as shown by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and c...