Given the deleterious consequences associated with chronic stress, individual differences in stress susceptibility can have important fitness implications. These differences may be explained in part by dominance status because high rank is typically associated with decreased aggression and improved nutrition. Here, we examined the relationship between dominance and social stress in lactating ch...

Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) processes have demonstrated the ability to produce parts with locally controlled composition. To exploit this potential, methods to represent and exchange parts with varying local composition need to be proposed and evaluated. In modeling such parts efficiently, any such method should provide a concise and accurate description of all of the relevant information ...

Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a traditional practice in which the external female genitalia is partially or totally incised or excised for a non-therapeutic reason, usually without the consent of the individual. FGM/C is common in Africa with varying prevalence in different countries, though the incidence is reducing because it is considered a human rights issue with tremendous a...

Safeguarding sustainability of forest ecosystems with their habitat variability and all their functions is of highest priority. Therefore, the long-term adaptability of forest ecosystems to a changing environment must be secured, e.g., through sustainable forest management. High adaptability is based on biological variation starting at the genetic level. Thus, the ultimate goal of the Conventio...

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) comprises different practices involving cutting, pricking, removing and sometimes sewing up external female genitalia for non-medical reasons. The practice of FGM/C is highly concentrated in a band of African countries from the Atlantic coast to the Horn of Africa, in areas of the Middle East such as Iraq and Yemen, and in some countries in Asia like In...

Gender-based asylum claims are becoming more prevalent in the United States ("US").2 Specifically, female genital mutilation ("FGM") is an issue that is currently receiving widespread attention.3 This Comment analyzes and criticizes US asylum laws regarding FGM. It advocates redefining the legal element "persecution," a component of the current US asylum test, to include maintaining and perpetu...

BACKGROUND Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a harmful traditional practice with severe consequences for the health and well-being of girls and women. Health care professionals (HCPs) are therefore expected to be aware of how to identify and manage these consequences in order to ensure that those affected by the practice receive quality health care. Moreover, their integration and le...

An extension of FGM class of bivariate distributions with given marginals is presented. For Huang-Kotz FGM distributions some theorems characterizing symmetry and conditions for independence are obtained. The new family of distributions allows us to achieve correlation between the components greater than 0.5.