of the antimicrobial anthocyanin red pigment dracorhodin (Fig. 1B), which is isolated in the exudates of the fruit of Daemonorops draco, known as “dragon’s blood” in traditional Chinese medicine and as Kirin-kakketsu in Japanese. It has been used for the treatment of injuries and bleeding. Many flavonoids have been reported to induce apoptosis in human tumor cells, and therefore the cytotoxic e...

Introduction The larynx of the horse is part of the upper airway and serves as a conduit between the pharynx and the trachea, or the wind pipe that takes inspired air to the lungs for gas exchange. The larynx is comprised of a number of cartilages that work together to allow for increased airflow during exercise and to close the trachea during swallowing to prevent foreign material and food par...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The annual number of new cases of leprosy has not declined in Brazil over the last 15 years, indicating that transmission continues at the same level. To study transmission, we interviewed leprosy patients about their known leprosy contact (KLC). METHODS Clinical and demographic data were collected from 506 leprosy patients in four health units in the Metropolitan Regio...

PERSPECTIVE ................................................................ 222 A Fruitless Search and Its Consequences ................................................................ 222 Three Ideas That Shape Our Concept of Bacterial Evolution .......................................................224 Procaryote-eucaryote dichotomy ..............................................................

Using the Chandra X-Ray Observatory, we have detected the black hole transients V4641 Sgr and XTE J1859 226 in their low-luminosity quiescent states. The 0.3–8 keV luminosities are (d/7 kpc) ergs s 1 and 3.3 31 (4.0 ) # 10 2.4 (d/11 kpc) ergs s 1 for V4641 Sgr and XTE J1859 226, respectively. With the addition of 4.8 31 (4.2 ) # 10 2.2 these two systems, 14 out of the 15 transients with confirm...

PURPOSE The aims of this study were to determine the self-reported prevalence of burnout in chairs of academic radiation oncology departments, to identify factors contributing to burnout, and to compare the prevalence of burnout with that seen in other academic chair groups. METHODS AND MATERIALS An anonymous online survey was administered to the membership of the Society of Chairs of Academi...

This paper aims to characterize the evolution of organic matter during the composting of municipal solid waste (MSW). During the 46-day composting process, six samples with different composting time were collected from Songjiang Solid Waste Biological Treatment Plant in Shanghai, China. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) was extracted by ultra-pure water, and the UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectra of DOM ...

Radium needles that were once implanted into tumours as a cancer treatment are now obsolete and constitute a radioactive waste problem, as their half-life is 1600 years. We are investigating the reduction of radium by transmutation on a small scale by bombarding Ra-226 with high-energy photons from a medical linear accelerator (linac) to produce Ra-225, which subsequently decays to Ac-225, whic...

In studying the subdominant status of two cysteine-containing influenza virus nuclear protein (NP) determinants (NP39-47 and NP218-226) restricted by H-2Kd, we found that the antigenicity of synthetic peptides was enhanced 10-100-fold by treatment with reducing agents, despite the fact that the affinity for Kd was not enhanced. Reducing agents also markedly enhanced the immunogenicity of cystei...