Chronic stress promotes depression, but how it disrupts cognition and mood remains unknown. Chronic stress causes atrophy of pyramidal cell dendrites in the hippocampus and cortex in human and animal models, and a depressive-like behavioral state. We now test the hypothesis that excitatory temporoammonic (TA) synapses in the distal dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells in rats are altered by chronic...

In this paper, we consider a cognitive radio network that consists of one cognitive base station (CBS) and multiple cognitive users (CUs) in the presence of an eavesdropper. In the cognitive radio network, CBS first detects whether there is spectrum hole through spectrum sensing and then communicates with CUs over the detected spectrum hole. Due to the broadcast nature of wireless transmission,...

Rhus vernicifera laccase, in a novel mixed valence state [T1oxT23red: type 1 Cu as Cu(II), and type 2 and 3 Cus as Cu(I)], was formed by reacting Cu(I) on the type 2 Cu-depleted laccase [T1oxT3red: type 1 Cu as Cu(II) and type 3 Cus as Cu(I)] under argon. Contrary to T1oxT3red, T1oxT23red was highly reactive with dioxygen, and gave the three transient bands at 340, 475, and 680 nm due to the tw...

This study aimed to investigate the characteristic features of craniocerebral gunshot wounds by conventional ultrasound (CUS) and evaluate the efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiation of tissue condition in wounds. Twenty crossbreed dogs (treatment: N = 15; control: N = 5) were used in the study. Pipe-shaped hyperechoes of varying size were found by CUS in most of the ...

Several animal models of "depression" have been examined. One of them is chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced deficit of fighting behavior in rats. In the present study, we compared the effects of two antidepressants (fluoxetine or fluvoxamine) and three anxiolytics (buspirone, lorazepam or oxazepam) on the electric footshock-induced fighting behavior in the pairs of male Wistar rats expo...

Human norovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide in a plethora of residential and commercial settings, including restaurants, schools, and hospitals. Methods for easily detecting the virus and for treating and preventing infection are critical to stopping norovirus outbreaks, and inactivation via nanoparticles (NPs) is a more universal and attractive alternative to other ph...

We demonstrate the stabilization of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in a semiconductor-based core-shell heterostructure made of a plasmonic CuS core embedded in an amorphous-like alloyed CuPd x S shell. This heterostructure is prepared by reacting the as-synthesized CuS nanocrystals (NCs) with Pd2+ cations at room temperature in the presence of an electron donor (ascorbic acid). ...

Hybrid networks consisting of both millimeter wave (mmWave) and microwave (μW ) capabilities are strongly contested for next generation cellular communications. A similar avenue of current research is deviceto-device (D2D) communications, where users establish direct links with each other rather than using central base stations (BSs). However, a hybrid network, where D2D transmissions coexist, ...

Tumor cells may be eliminated by increasing their temperature. This is achieved via photothermal therapy (PTT) penetrating the tumor tissue with near-infrared light and converting energy into heat using agents. Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) are commonly used as PTAs in PTT. In this review, we aimed to discuss synergism between PTT CuS NPs other therapies such chemotherapy, radiotherapy...

Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) is one of the behavioral models resembling in some respects (loss of normal aggresiveness) human depression. In the present study, consistent with the ethical principles for scientific experiments on animals, we have decided to modify the CUS procedure. In this new modified model named chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), we have introduced mild stressor ...