New high quality Keck and ESO images of PKS 1830–211 are presented. Applying a powerful new deconvolution algorithm to this optical and infrared data, both images of the flat spectrum core of the radio source have been identified. An extended source is also detected in the optical images, consistent with the expected location of the lensing galaxy. The source counterparts are very red at I − K ...

Hanan Selman Hessan and Ahmed Mohammed Abbas 563 Abstract Immune status was examined after tonsillectomy operations in 30 children with recurrent acute tonsillitis, their ages ranged between 3-10 years, were clinically diagnosed by ENT surgeon at AlHilla General Teaching Hospital and 10 apparently healthy children were included as a control in the study which lasted from February to May 2011 .I...

هديکچ ت یحارط یارب ديدج شور کي هلاقم نيا رد تيوق ارا یطخ زاف اب هدرتسگ هدننک ئ يم ه دوش . شور نيا تيوقت و لاسروسنارت لاتيجيد رتليف یژولوپوت نيب تهابش یانبم رب يم هدرتسگ هدننک دشاب . نيا یانبم رب رواجم هقبط ود نيب ريخات رادقم و هدننک تيوقت زا هقبط ره نيگ یژولوپوت رتليف هيروف طسب زا هدافتسا اب Raise Cosine يم نييعت یروط یسناکرف هلصاف رد هک دوش 0-40 GHz تيوقت یطخ زاف هصخشم یاراد هدننک دشاب ه...

* لوئســ م هدنســ يون : ،نارــ هت ناــ بايخ ،رســ نارهت ناــ بايخ رسنارهت ميرك هاگنامرد ،رفولين راولب ،بيغتسد نفلت : 44506655 email: [email protected] فده و هنيمز : اب نمزم سامت تارثا لاّلح اه ناسنا تملاس رب يلآ ي هـتفرگ رارـق يسررب دروم فلتخم تاعلاطم رد اه اب سامت نيب هجوت لباق طابترا رگناشن هك لاّلح اه تيرفنولورمولگ و تسا هدوب اه . ركراـم يسررب هعلاطم نيا زا فده يويلك تيمس هب ساسح يرا...

Polyketides are widespread biologically active heteropolymers produced by ‘assembly line’-like multi-protein complexes formed by modular polyketide synthases (PKS). The nature of the polyketide product is encoded in the order of particular types of PKS proteins along the assembly line, suggesting that the diversity of polyketides derives from the combinatorial rearrangement of complexes formed ...

We appreciate the complementary analysis and discussion presented by Sasso et al. (1) regarding our study (2). However, we would like to clarify a few issues that were raised in their letter (1). There has been a huge explosion in the number of genome sequences available that make data mining studies possible. In our study, we aimed to systematically examine the distribution of nonribosomal pep...

The hybrid peptide–polyketide backbone of bleomycin (BLM) is assembled by the BLM megasynthetase that consists of both nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) modules. BlmIX/BlmVIII/BlmVII constitute a natural hybrid NRPS/PKS/NRPS system, serving as a model for both hybrid NRPS/PKS and PKS/NRPS systems. Sequence analysis and functional comparison of domains and modu...

Aromatic polyketides are assembled by a type 11 (iterative) polyketide synthase (PKS) in bacteria. Understanding the enzymology of such enzymes should provide the information needed for the synthesis of novel polyketides through the genetic engineering of PKSs. Using a previously described cell-free system [B.S. & C.R.H. (1993) Science 262, 1535-1540], we studied a PKS enzyme whose substrate is...

NRPS-PKS is web-based software for analysing large multi-enzymatic, multi-domain megasynthases that are involved in the biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important natural products such as cyclosporin, rifamycin and erythromycin. NRPS-PKS has been developed based on a comprehensive analysis of the sequence and structural features of several experimentally characterized biosynthetic gene clusters...

Sanglifehrin A (SFA), a potent cyclophilin inhibitor produced by Streptomyces flaveolus DSM 9954, bears a unique [5.5] spirolactam moiety conjugated with a 22-membered, highly functionalized macrolide through a linear carbon chain. SFA displays a diverse range of biological activities and offers significant therapeutic potential. However, the structural complexity of SFA poses a tremendous chal...