During virus infection of insect cells, the Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus chitinase is localized primarily within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is consistent with the presence of a carboxy-terminal ER retention motif (KDEL). Release of chitinase into the extracellular medium appears to be concomitant with terminal cell lysis, rather than by active secretion. In this study,...

The cDNA encoding the 326 amino acids of a Class I basic chitinase gene from Leucaena leucocephala de Wit (KB3, Genbank accession: AAM49597) was cloned under the control of CaMV35S promoter in pCAMBIA 1300 and transferred to Koshihikari. Calli of Koshihikari rice was transformed with agrobacterium with this construct expressing the chitinase and βglucouronidase (GUS). The frequencies of calli 9...

Blastomyces dermatitidis is a thermally dimorphic fungus that causes the disease blastomycosis. Currently there are a limited number of effective treatments, many of which have harsh side effects. Chitin, a component of the fungal cell wall is often broken down and recycled for cell wall remodeling and growth. Chitinase is the digestive enzyme capable of chitin hydrolysis. By inhibiting the chi...

The high industrial demand for thermostable chitinase with new and desirable characteristics has led to the exploration of chitinolytic bacteria from extreme environments. Therefore, this study aimed isolate, screen, identify chitinase–producing Ijen hot spring, Indonesia. highest activity bacterium was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing its were confirmed morphological physiological analys...

ABSTRACT Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain C3, a biocontrol agent of Bipolaris sorokiniana in turfgrass, produced chitinases in broth media containing chitin. Chitinases were partially purified from culture fluid by ammonium sulfate precipitation and chitin affinity chromatography. The chromatography fraction with the highest specific chitinase activity was inhibitory to conidial germination ...

A bioinformatics-based investigation of three insect species with completed genome sequences has revealed that insect chitinase-like proteins (glycosylhydrolase family 18) are encoded by a rather large and diverse group of genes. We identified 16, 16 and 13 putative chitinase-like genes in the genomic databases of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster...

Gene duplication and loss play an important role in the evolution of novel functions and for shaping an organism's gene content. Recently, it was suggested that stress-related genes frequently are exposed to duplications and losses, while growth-related genes show selection against change in copy number. The fungal chitinase gene family constitutes an interesting case study of gene duplication ...

Chitinase-like proteins have long been proposed to play roles in normal plant growth and development, but no mutations in chitinase-like genes have been obtained previously to support this hypothesis. In this study, we have shown that the gene responsible for the elp1 mutation in Arabidopsis encodes a chitinase-like protein (AtCTL1). Mutation of this chitinase-like gene caused ectopic depositio...

Chitinase inhibitors have chemotherapeutic potential as fungicides, pesticides, and antiasthmatics. Argifin, a natural product cyclopentapeptide, competitively inhibits family 18 chitinases in the nanomolar to micromolar range and shows extensive substrate mimicry. In an attempt to map the active fragments of this large natural product, the cyclopentapeptide was progressively dissected down to ...

AIMS Biological sources for the control of plant pathogenic fungi remain an important objective for sustainable agricultural practices. Actinomycetes are used extensively in the pharmaceutical industry and agriculture owing to their great diversity in enzyme production. In the present study, therefore, we evaluated chitinase production by endophytic actinomycetes and the potential of this for c...