Two new Uromunna species, mundongensis sp. n. and jejuensis n., are described from the Korean Peninsula, representing first record of genus in waters. Genetic analyses using two mitochondrial (COI, Cytb) one ribosomal (18S rRNA) gene allowed us to confirm high pair-wise interspecific differences with establishment reliable barcoding gaps COI (19.9%) 18S (0.4%) between species. Finally, phylogen...

Variation among complete cytb sequences (1140 bp) of Aphanius mesopotamicus Coad, 2009 was compared with closely related species, to investigate the validity of this taxon as a newly-described tooth-carp based on morphological characteristics. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian likelihood trees supported the monophyly of A. mesopotamicus and its sister group relationship to A. sophiae. Some 10-16 ...

Mitochondrial metabolism provides precursors to build macromolecules in growing cancer cells. In normally functioning tumour cell mitochondria, oxidative metabolism of glucoseand glutamine-derived carbon produces citrate and acetyl-coenzyme A for lipid synthesis, which is required for tumorigenesis. Yet some tumours harbour mutations in the citric acid cycle (CAC) or electron transport chain (E...

For nearly 15 years now, environmental DNA has demonstrated its effectiveness in monitoring biodiversity. Methodological and technical improvements have significantly enhanced the field. However, effect of factors such as sequence coverage, bioinformatic filtration, primer choice been less explored or need to be optimized according specific survey objectives study site characteristics. We evalu...

Complete nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) genes from various isolates of Taenia solium were examined. Eleven isolates were analyzed; two isolates from China, two isolates from Indonesia, one isolate each from India, Thailand, Mexico, Ecuador, Peru, Mozambique and Tanzania. In both genes, two isolates from Indonesia shared the...

A number of phylogenetic studies have been performed on the family Sciuridae. This work seeks to validate and extend existing phylogenetic studies of Sciuridae with an analysis of the divergence times of a selected set of species. A total of five genes; 2 mitochrontrial ribosomal RNA genes (12S, 16S), a mitochrontrial protein coding gene (cytb) and two nuclear genes (IRBP, RAG1) were studied ac...

We used mitochondrial (cytb, 16S) and nuclear (ITS2, S71, RAG1) sequence data to assess the degree of genetic differentiation between the recently described lacustrine Hypomesus chishimaensis from the Kuril Islands and its anadromous congener H. nipponensis from Hokkaido, Japan. The results showed that the two species are not genetically distinct at these loci. Phylogenetic trees depicted an un...

quinol oxidation inhibitors (qois) are one of the most important classes of fungicides used in agriculture. they block electron transfer between cytochrome b and cytochrome c1, thereby impeding the production of atp via oxidative phosphorylation. qoi fungicides are generally at high risk of provoking resistance in fungal phytopathogens. resistance has been reported in more than thirty species, ...

Three different lineages of head lice are known to parasitize humans. Clade A, which is currently worldwide in distribution, was previously demonstrated to be present in the Americas before the time of Columbus. The two other types of head lice are geographically restricted to America and Australia for clade B and to Africa and Asia for clade C. In this study, we tested two operculated nits fro...