background: inflammatory response following surgical trauma has long been a matter of study. results, however, have been varied. we sought to assess changes in the levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy and their impact on the clinical outcome of patients concerning the postoperative pain score. methods: the study i...

water shortage in the agricultural sector is currently a major challenge in crop production. the more efficient water usage is that which increases yield without increasing water use. thus, a determination of the water-yield relationship is essential. a field study was conducted to examine water-yield relations in three genotypes of soybeans, including optimum irrigation depth, a comparison of ...

Background: M-CSF is a cytokine mediating the growth, proliferation and differentiation of various cell types including macrophages, trophoblast cells, and osteoclasts. It plays an important role in immunity reproduction, follicle development and ovulation. In the present study, we describe the important role of the changes in serum M-CSF levels during the menstrual cycle, in the process of fol...

Mutations in the gene encoding skeletal muscle alpha-actin (ACTA1) account for approx. 20% of patients with the muscular disorder nemaline myopathy. Nemaline myopathy is a muscular wasting disease similar to muscular dystrophy, but distinguished by deposits of actin and actin-associated proteins near the z-line of the sarcomere. Approx. one-third of the over 140 myopathy actin mutations have be...