Exercise intolerance in COPD seems to combine abnormal ventilatory mechanics, impaired O2 transport and skeletal muscle dysfunction. However their relative contribution and their influence on symptoms reported by patients remain to be clarified. In order to clarify the complex interaction between ventilatory and neuromuscular exercise limiting factors and symptoms, we evaluated respiratory musc...

Let V be a vector space of dimension N over the finite field Fq and T linear operator on V. Given an integer m that divides N, m-dimensional subspace W is T-splitting if V=W⊕TW⊕⋯⊕Td−1W where d=N/m. σ(m,d;T) denote number subspaces. Determining for arbitrary open problem. We prove depends only similarity class type give explicit formula in special case cyclic nilpotent. Denote by σq(m,d;τ) split...

We propose a new algorithm that solves the Steiner tree problem on graphs with vertex set V to optimality in O(B tw+2 · tw · |V |) time, where tw is the graph’s treewidth and the Bell number Bk is the number of partitions of a k-element set. This is a linear time algorithm for graphs with fixed treewidth and a polynomial algorithm for tw = O(log |V |/ log log |V |). While being faster than the ...

In this paper we present a time extension of Petri nets called Petri net with Time Windows (short: tw-PN) where time intervals (windows) are associated with the places. We give a formal definition for this class and compare these time dependent Petri nets with their (timeless) skeletons. In particular, we compare their sets of reachable markings and their liveness behaviour. The sets of reachab...

We have analysed newly calibrated IUE and ROSAT data for three T Tauri stars from diierent sub-classes: TW Hya, V410 Tau and CS Cha, a Classical T Tauri star (CTTS), a Weak T Tauri star (WTTS) and a T Tauri star intermediate between CTTS and WTTS, respectively. In the ultraviolet the continuum seems to be well explained by the sum of the stellar black body emission plus a hydrogenic component w...

BACKGROUND Inhalation of thermal water (TW) is traditionally used as part of the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but its benefit and mechanisms are controversial. We previously observed a reduced proportion of neutrophils in induced sputum after treatment with TW. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether inhalation of TW in COPD patients is associat...

INTRODUCTION In Peru, transgender women (TW) experience unique vulnerabilities for HIV infection due to factors that limit access to, and quality of, HIV prevention, treatment and care services. Yet, despite recent advances in understanding factors associated with HIV vulnerability among TW globally, limited scholarship has examined how Peruvian TW cope with this reality and how existing commun...

Given their proximity and age differences, nearby groups of young stars are valuable laboratories for investigations of disk evolution and diversity. The estimated 10-Myr age of groups like the TW Hydrae Association provides a strong constraint on disk evolution timescales and fills a significant gap in the age sequence between 1-Myr-old T Tauri stars in molecular clouds and 50-Myr-old nearby o...