Abstract Aim The hybrid approach (HA) to ventral hernias (VH), combining the laparoscopic and open approaches, is not very common at present. great contribution of this that it combines advantages minimally invasive with approach, making possible correct aesthetic defects major skin subcutaneous problems. Material & Methods 40-year-old-man previous surgery for supraumbilical hernia, placeme...

Chinese city-level data indicate that differences in growth rates are far more severe at this level than indicated in previous studies which typically use data at higher levels of aggregation. Using city-level data for 206 cities during 1989 to 1996, we estimate a variety of growth equations. A major finding is that while the policy of awarding a special economic zone status enhances growth (wi...

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One strategy for reducing the primary cesarean surgery rate and length of labor is using a peanut-shaped exercise ball for women laboring under epidural analgesia. A randomized, controlled study was conducted to determine whether use of a “peanut ball” decreased length of labor and increased the rate of vaginal birth. Women who used the peanut ball (n 5 107) versus those who did not (n 5 91) de...

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