Agar and broth microdilution MICs of RP 74501-RP 74502, a mixture of streptogramin antimicrobial agents that inhibited 90% of 22 Legionella strains tested, were 0.64 and 0.08 microgram/ml, respectively; respective erythromycin values were 1.0 and 0.12 microgram/ml. RP 74501-RP 74502 at 1 microgram/ml was more active than the same erythromycin concentration in a macrophage system for both L. pne...

To characterize actions of vitamin D3 on metanephroi transplanted from rat embryos to adult recipients, we incubated metanephroi with or without 0.01, 0.1 or 1 ug/ml vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) [25(OH)D(3)] or 1, 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)2D(3)] prior to implantation. The number of glomeruli in developed metanephroi three weeks post-transplantation that had been incubated with 1.0 ...

Seven yearling Holstein bulls were given 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 200 micrograms NIH-LH-B9 during a 7-day complete Latin square design experiment. Treatments were administered via jugular cannulas at 0900 hr, and blood was collected at 60, 30 and 0 min before treatment, at 15-min intervals for 3 hr after treatment and at 30-min intervals from 3 to 7 hr after treatment. Luteinizing hormone (LH...

We investigated the roles of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV in determining the susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to gemifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone which is under development as an antipneumococcal drug. Gemifloxacin displayed potent activity against S. pneumoniae 7785 (MIC, 0.06 microgram/ml) compared with ciprofloxacin (MIC, 1 to 2 microgram/ml). Complementary genetic and bioc...

Class A scavenger receptor (SR-A) antagonists may prevent the initiation of atherosclerosis, because a recent report found that SR-A/apolipoprotein E (apoE) double-knockout mice had 60% smaller lesions than apoE single-knockout littermates. We transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells with SR-A type I or II receptors to find small-molecule antagonists. Uptake of 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3'...

The performance of a top-lit updraft gasifier affected by biomass (pine wood) particle size, moisture content and compactness was studied in terms of the biochar yield, biomass burning rate, syngas composition and tar content. The highest biochar yield increase (from 12.2% to 21.8%) was achieved by varying the particle size from 7 to 30 mm, however, larger particles triggered tar generation tha...

Single cells were isolated mechanically from the mesophyll of adult plants and of seedlings of Zinnia elegans L. cv. Canary bird. When single cells isolated from the first leaves of seedlings were cultured in a liquid medium in the dark with rotation, they differentiated to tracheary elements with a reasonable degree of synchrony in the 24-hour period between days 2 and 3 after culture. The pro...

U-76,252 is the prodrug of U-76,253. MICs of U-76,253 were 0.015 to 0.06 microgram/ml for greater than or equal to 90% of the strains of Streptococcus spp., Haemophilus influenzae, and Proteus mirabilis; 0.25 to 1 microgram/ml for Branhamella catarrhalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Citrobacter diversus; 1 to 8 micrograms/ml for Staphylococcus spp.; and 2 to greater than 16 microgram...

The effects of habekacin on corneal ulceration, caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa IFO 3455, were studied in mice, in comparison with gentamicin and tobramycin. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the antibiotics for the organism were: habekacin 2 microgram/ml, gentamicin 2 microgram/ml, and tobramycin 1 microgram/ml. Habekacin showed protective and therapeutic effects on Pseudomonas keratit...

The discovery of novel drugs against animal parasites is in high demand due to drug-resistance problems encountered around the world. Herein, the synthesis and characterization of 27 organic and organometallic derivatives of the recently launched nematocidal drug monepantel (Zolvix® ) are described. The compounds were isolated as racemates and were characterized by 1 H, 13 C, and 19 F NMR spect...