Gorse (Ulex europaeus L.) is a major agricultural and environmental weed in many parts of the world and has a persistent seedbank. Several techniques were investigated to either kill the seed or encourage it to germinate. Scarification of the seed coat resulted in almost complete germination of seeds. Smoked water had little effect on intact seed and high concentrations killed scarified seed. G...

The purpose of this research is to develop a folding anchor model, which modification the star-shaped plate anchor, and investigate pull-up capability operating in cohesive soils. Physical testing performed laboratory on full scale field, with findings capacity achieved compared. model made up four leaves varying widths depths. It flexible may be closed opened like an inverted umbrella. effecti...

background : in spite of clinically useful photon and electron beams, high energy linacs produce secondary particles such as neutrons (photo-neutron production). neutrons have important roles during treatment with high energy photons in terms of protection and dose escalation. in this project, neutron dose equivalent of 18 mv varian accelerators is calculated by tld600 and tld700. materials and...

Optically stimulated luminescence nanoDot dosimeters (OSLD) have been used to measure single point dose distribution along the superior-inferior position at the surface (skin) and in depths, analogous to organ depths. A customized acrylic phantom of 46 cm length, 20 cm diameter was fabricated, and used for the experimental measurements using CT (Computed Tomography) beam. The CT dose profile al...

re-vegetation of bare soil is believed to increase, or at least maintain the organic matter levels of soil. the aim of this study was to investigate the soil characteristics changes, nutrient pool sizes and their availability under mid canopy, and canopy gap positions of saltbush in an area re-vegetated with atriplex lentiformis. some of the physical and chemical soil characteristics (the parti...

In the presence of realistic soil inhomogeneities and surface clutter, employment of high-energy photon radiation (x rays or gamma rays) for landmine detection requires mine-feature imaging with centimeter spatial resolution. An x-ray backscatter method has been developed with photon detection efficiency sufficiently high such that an electric power requirement of only hundreds of watts yields ...

We evaluate the performance of full waveform LiDAR decomposition algorithms with a high-resolution single band airborne LiDAR bathymetry system in shallow rivers. A continuous wavelet transformation (CWT) is proposed and applied in two fluvial environments, and the results are compared to existing echo retrieval methods. LiDAR water depths are also compared to independent field measurements. In...

forest harvesting operations for extracting of forest products in these trails, causing extensive damage in a wide range of soil and its productivity every year, therefore it is necessary to research about degradation of soil properties should be down. the aim of this study was investigate changes in the skid trails soil physical characteristics due to wheeled cable skidder traffic by measuring...

Tissue phantom ratio (TPR), for square fields of various dimensions has been determined at varying depths in water. The dose in water has been measured at a fixed source-to-surface distance (SSD) of 100 cm and reference depth of 5 cm for 6 MV photon beam of Siemens Linear Accelerator Primus 11 in German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. A modified formula has been developed to...

The spatial variation of the spawning shoals of M. hubbsi in Patagonia during its reproductive peak (January) between 2001 and 2008 was analyzed. In 2001 and 2004 spawning of hake in the north-patagonian area was concentrated inshore between 50 m and 80 m depths, in coincidence with a bottom thermal front (9° 14° C). Since 2005 an expansion of spawning into deeper waters (near the 100 m isobath...