due to the importance of supplier selection issue in supply chain management (scm) and ,also,  the increasing tendency of organizations to their social responsibilities, in this paper, we survey the supplier selection issue as a multi objective problem while considering the factor of corporate social responsibility (csr) as a mathematical parameter. the purpose of this paper is to design a mode...

Many supply chain problems involve optimization of various conflicting objectives. This paper formulates a green supply chain network throughout a two-stage mixed integer linear problem with uncertain demand and stochastic environmental respects level. The first objective function of the proposed model considers minimization of supply chain costs while the second objective function minimizes CO...

Nowadays, in turbulent and violate global markets, agility has been considered as a fundamental characteristic of a supply chain needed for survival. To achieve the competitive edge, companies must align with suppliers and customers to streamline operations, as well as agility beyond individual companies. Consequently Agile Supply Chain (ASC) is considered as a dominant competitive advantage.  ...

This paper develops an economic production quantity model in a three-echelon supply chain composing of a supplier, a manufacturer and a wholesaler under two scenarios. As the first scenario, we consider a return contract between the outside supplier and the supplier and also between the manufacturer and the wholesaler, but in the second one, the return policy between the manufacturer and the wh...

Models that aim to optimize the design of supply chain networks have gained more interest in the supply chain literature. Mixed-integer linear programming and discrete-event simulation are widely used for such an optimization problem. We present a hybrid approach to support decisions for supply chain network design using a combination of analytical and discrete-event simulation models. The prop...

The 19F nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate constants were measured as a function of magnetic field strength for 1,12-diaminododecane labeled at one end with a nitroxide radical and at the other with a trifluoromethyl group. The magnetic relaxation dispersion profile (MRD) reports the spectral density function appropriate to the end-to-end correlation function for the doubly labeled molecule. ...

Nicolas Laflorencie,1 Heiko Rieger,2 Anders W. Sandvik,3 and Patrik Henelius4 1Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, CNRS-UMR5152 Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse, France 2Theoretische Physik, Universität des Saarlandes, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany 3Department of Physics, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3, FIN-20500 Turku, Finland 4Condensed Matter Theory, Physics Department, KTH, S...

This paper develops a model for the closed-loop supply chain network design with disruption risk. By considering supply disruption, two factors including extra inventory and lateral transshipment are used as resilience strategies. The main purpose is to reduce the supply chain costs due to the location decisions, quantity of products between different levels and lost sale. Disruption in a suppl...

Decentralized supply chain management is found to be significantly relevant in today’s competitive markets. Production and distribution planning is posed as an important optimization problem in supply chain networks. Here, we propose a multi-period decentralized supply chain network model with uncertainty. The imprecision related to uncertain parameters like demand and price of the final produc...

There are several cases in which we would like to compute the expectation of a function on a data set i.e. E[f(X)]. When X is a continuous random variable we cannot compute all the values of X so we use the proximity E[f(X)] ≈ 1 n ∑n i=1 f(xi). The problem we are facing now is how to sample x1..xn in an independent manner. Apparently, this problem affects many different areas. Today we will see...