You may recall from the previous lecture that the use of electro mechanical relays, and in subsequent years, diodes and transistor, made it possible to construct more advanced computers, e.g. ENIAC. This is accredited to the fact that these devices could function as on/off switches. On one hand, they create the ability to encode logic into the circuits of the computer. This means that the compu...

So far, we have studied computation from different perspectives, starting from its abstract nature and the design of algorithms all the way to the physical issues involving the electronic representation (bits) and the computer architecture required to carry out the computation. We identified essential components of such an architecture including the CPU, the control unit, the ALU, the registers...

Primitive forms of data networks have a long history. After all, it is all about communication. Early societies used smoke signal to communicate information. In the 19 century, telegraphy was used as means of communicating messages. Messages were manually encoded into strings of symbols and then manually transmitted and received. When necessary, the messages were manually relayed at intermediat...

AIMS Due to the demographic development there is an increasing number of senior citizens with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), defined as ejection fraction (EF) < 40%. Unfortunately there are under-diagnosis and under-treatment in the elderly of this serious condition. Echocardiography is the gold standard to diagnose LVSD, but access is limited. Simple screening methods may ensure...

PURPOSE Sporadic RCC is rare in young adults. We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of patients 20 to 40 years old at our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 1975 and 2004, 2,710 patients were treated surgically for renal masses at our institution. We found 120 patients (4.4%) 20 to 40 years old. We analyzed the clinical presentation, pathological characteristics and outcome of thes...

The path that led to the formal opening of Celje Hospital 120 years ago had its beginnings in a medieval town almshouse. Years of commitment to institutionalising inpatient treatment finally led to results in 1887 when the new Giselle's Hospital, named after the emperor's daughter, was solemnly opened by the heir to the throne, Archduke Rudolph. Since its establishment- in addition to the promo...

INTRODUCTION Lipid transfer proteins (LTP), profilin and PR-10 are the most important panallergens in central and southern Italy. Lipid transfer proteins are stable molecules, predominantly present in the fruit peel, which can induce systemic symptoms after ingestion of vegetables. Profilin and PR-10 are randomly distributed in the pulp and peel. Both are labile proteins and usually determine r...