Hyalella faxoni Stebbing, 1903 from Costa Rica is redescribed. The species was previously in the synonymy of Hyalella azteca (Saussure, 1858). The morphological differences between these two species are discussed.
The article highlights the role played by São Paulo's Pasteur Institute (1903-16) in the development of microbiological science in Brazil and in the emergence of a pharmaceutical industry owned by Brazilian capital.
