Simple motor reaction time (RT) to 100 percent negative contrast stimuli was measured for various background luminances as well as after bleaching a fraction of retinal photopigments. RT decreased to asymptotical value with the increase of background intensity. The intensity-dependent portion of RT behaved identically for 100 percent positive and negative contrast. Moreover, RT to 100 percent n...

this experiment conducted to evaluate the effect of different methods of force molting on performance, egg quality of laying hens with one hundred eighty of 52-wk old hy-line layer in completely randomized design with six treatments, five replicates for 90 days. treatments include 1 - feed withdrawal (fw), 2 - 50 percent alfalfa meal: 50 percent layer ration, 3 - 75 percent alfalfa meal: 25 per...

Under current law, national health expenditures are projected to grow at an average annual rate of 5.6 percent for 2016-25 and represent 19.9 percent of gross domestic product by 2025. For 2016, national health expenditure growth is anticipated to have slowed 1.1 percentage points to 4.8 percent, as a result of slower Medicaid and prescription drug spending growth. For the rest of the projectio...

This report proposes a standard method to characterize variability and sensitivity of functional neuroimaging experiments. Most functional neuroimaging analyses result in statistic images of signal-to-noise. However, it is essential to examine both signal and noise individually, to characterize sensitivity and to identify artifacts. Confidence intervals simultaneous convey signal and noise but ...

The difference between the disease rates of two groups, one exposed and one not exposed to a suspected aetiological factor, is a useful measure of the risk associated with the factor. This measure is of most interest when the association is considered causal, and has been termed the attributable risk (MacMahon and Pugh, 1970). Expressed as a percentage of the total disease rate in a group (the ...