The ears of insects exhibit a broad functional diversity with the ability to detect sounds across a wide range of frequencies and intensities. In tympanal ears, the membrane is a crucial step in the transduction of the acoustic stimulus into a neural signal. The tropical butterfly Morpho peleides has an oval-shaped membrane at the base of the forewing with an unusual dome in the middle of the s...

Single descending brain neurones were recorded and stained intracellularly in the neck connectives of crickets while they walked upon a styrofoam ball under open-loop conditions. The animal's translational and rotational velocities were measured simultaneously, and various stimuli were used to investigate the neuronal response characteristics. Stimulation with a moving grating or an artificial ...

BACKGROUND A risk assessment of magnetic field (MF) exposure conducted by the World Health Organization indicated the need for biological studies on primary hazard identification and quantitative risk evaluation of intermediate frequency (300 Hz-100 kHz) MFs. Because induction heating cookers generate such MFs for cooking, reproductive and developmental effects are a concern due to the close pr...

We performed an audiometric study in 20 patients who underwent surgery of the shoulder region under an interscalene brachial plexus block (IBPB). Bupivacaine 0.75% with adrenaline was given followed by a 24-hr continuous infusion of 0.25% bupivacaine. Three audiometric threshold measurements (0.25-18 kHz) were made: the first before IBPB, the second 2-6 h after surgery and the third on the firs...

This report summarizes and critiques existing auditory data for marine mammals. It was compiled primarily as a background or reference document for assessing probable impacts of long-range detection devices that may be employed in tuna fisheries. To that end, it has the following emphases: a description of currently available data on marine mammal hearing and ear anatomy, a discussion and criti...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical usefulness of the dichotic single-frequency auditory steady-state response (ASSR) for estimation of behavioral thresholds in children with severe to profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss. DESIGN A comparative experimental research design was selected to compare behavioral and ASSR thresholds for the sample. Behavioral pure-tone audiometry served ...

In the cochlear nucleus (CN) of awake mustached bats, single- and two-tone stimuli were used to examine how responses in major CN subdivisions contribute to spectrotemporal integrative features in the inferior colliculus (IC). Across CN subdivisions, the proportional representation of frequencies differed. A striking result was the substantial number of units tuned to frequencies <23 kHz. Acros...

Histological data indicate the importance of tumor vascularization as a determinant of the biological behavior and the response to radiotherapy in choroidal melanoma. Duplex ultrasound and color Doppler imaging, the combination of B-mode ultrasound and pulse-waved Doppler analysis, were used to measure quantitatively neovascular blood flow in 31 patients with choroidal melanoma. Follow-up studi...

We present a graphene-based wideband microphone and a related ultrasonic radio that can be used for wireless communication. It is shown that graphene-based acoustic transmitters and receivers have a wide bandwidth, from the audible region (20∼20 kHz) to the ultrasonic region (20 kHz to at least 0.5 MHz). Using the graphene-based components, we demonstrate efficient high-fidelity information tra...

The clicks of Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) from 7 individuals in the tank of Baiji aquarium, 2 individuals in a netted pen at Shishou Tian-e-zhou Reserve and 4 free-ranging individuals at Tianxingzhou were recorded using a broadband digital recording system with four element hydrophones. The peak-to-peak apparent source level (ASL_pp) of clicks from in...